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习近平同俄罗斯总统普京共同会见记者（2025-05-08）

当地时间2025年5月8日中午，国家主席习近平同俄罗斯总统普京在莫斯科克里姆林宫会谈后共同会见记者。 习近平指出，刚才，我同普京总统举行了深入友好、富有成果的会谈，达成许多新的重要共识。我们共同签署《中华人民共和国和俄罗斯联邦在纪念中国人民抗日战争、苏联伟大卫国战争胜利和联合国成立80周年之际关于进一步深化中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系的联合声明》，见证两国有关部门交换多份合作文本，为中俄关系发展注入新的动能。 习近平强调，俄罗斯是我作为中华人民共和国主席到访最多的国家，这已经是第十一次来到俄罗斯。明天，我将出席纪念苏联伟大卫国战争胜利80周年庆典，这也将是我时隔10年再次出席这一盛大纪念活动。过去10年，是国际形势大动荡大变革的10年，也是中俄关系大发展大跨越的10年。我们共同见证了中俄两国政治互信不断巩固和深化，见证了两国各领域合作“芝麻开花节节高”。面对世界之变、时代之变、历史之变，中俄两国要牢牢把握双边关系前进方向和人类社会发展大势，挺膺担当，全面协作，为促进两国发展振兴、维护国际公平正义作出新的更大贡献。 要坚持世代友好，做百炼成钢的真朋友。80年前，面对军国主义和纳粹主义的魔爪，中俄两国军民同仇敌忾、并肩作战，书写了波澜壮阔、可歌可泣的历史篇章。两国人民在血与火的淬炼中凝结而成的伟大友谊，为双边关系高水平发展奠定了坚实基础。中俄双方要深化政治互信，密切战略协作，推动双边关系迈向更加成熟和坚韧的明天。 要坚持互利共赢，做彼此成就的好伙伴。从第二次世界大战期间克服艰难险阻互相输送大量急需物资，到如今双边贸易额屡创新高，中俄互利合作的“高速列车”穿山越岭、爬坡过坎，驶过了极不平凡的历程。中俄双方要继续深化各领域务实合作，夯实全面战略协作的物质基础，不断造福两国人民，为全球发展注入更强劲动能。 要坚持公平正义，做国际秩序的捍卫者。中国和俄罗斯作为第二次世界大战的亚洲和欧洲主战场，为世界反法西斯战争胜利作出决定性贡献，也为战后国际秩序的建立奠定了基石。作为国际社会的稳定、积极、进步力量，中俄两国要继续坚定站在一起，坚决维护以联合国为核心的国际体系和以国际法为基础的国际秩序，持续推进平等有序的世界多极化。 要坚持和衷共济，做全球治理的引领者。世界前途命运应该由各国共同掌握，全球发展成果应该由各国共同分享。中俄同为世界大国和重要新兴市场国家，都肩负着推动全球治理向更加公正合理方向发展的崇高使命。双方要加强在联合国、上海合作组织、金砖国家等多边平台的协作，坚守真正的多边主义，引领全球治理正确方向，推动普惠包容的经济全球化。 习近平强调，面对变乱交织的国际形势，中俄两国要坚定秉持永久睦邻友好、全面战略协作、互利合作共赢精神，风雨同渡、关山共越，全面提升中俄关系的高度、维度、韧度，为世界和平和安全注入更多稳定性，为全球发展繁荣提供更强推动力。 蔡奇、王毅等参加。

2025-06-05 冉略 CATTI练笔 中-英
Consumption downgrade is playing out in U.S. as tariffs backfire

BEIJING, April 7 (Xinhua) -- The United States, the world's largest consumer market with unparalleled purchasing power, is now facing an emerging trend of consumption downgrade. Dollar stores across the country are teeming with shoppers as they hunt for sales and bargains. Soaring living costs have made these budget retailers more popular than ever, illustrating the pinch of inflation -- U.S. consumers are adapting, painfully, to a harsh new reality. "We believe it doesn't matter how much money you make, everybody is hurting right now," said Michael Creedon, CEO of U.S. discount retailer Dollar Tree, in a recent earnings call. The company is "seeing stronger demand from higher-income customers" as value-seeking behavior spreads across all customer groups, he said. Since taking office, the new U.S. administration has hiked tariffs on imports from major trading partners, with sweeping "reciprocal tariffs" announced Wednesday. These tariff hikes are exacerbating the financial burden on domestic consumers, who are already grappling with shrinking purchasing power and are being compelled to alter their spending habits. A recent survey of U.S. consumers by Numerator revealed that 80 percent of respondents are worried about how tariffs will affect their finances or shopping habits. This concern is driving behavioral changes, with 76 percent of respondents planning to change their finances or shopping behaviors in response to the new tariffs. The most popular reaction is "looking for sales or coupons to offset price increases," as per the survey. Elaborating on how the U.S.-imposed tariffs are backfiring, Yao Weiqun, executive director of Shanghai Institute for Strategy of International Trade Center, said that one of the primary negative impacts is the rising prices of imported goods in the U.S. market. With the latest tariffs announced Wednesday taken into account, all tariff hikes will result in a loss of purchasing power of 3,800 U.S. dollars per household on average in 2024 dollars, according to estimates by the Budget Lab at Yale, a policy research center. "Prices of daily essentials and intermediate manufacturing goods are particularly increasing," Yao said, "which could prompt U.S. consumers to trade down to cheaper alternatives." Similarly, various prominent American retailers have raised alarms regarding consumer spending trends as tariffs fuel inflation and strain household budgets. For instance, Doug McMillon, CEO of Walmart Inc., has said that as food prices remain notably high, consumers are becoming increasingly cautious about their spending. "You can see that the money runs out before the month is gone," he said, "and people are buying smaller pack sizes at the end of each month." For Nobel laureate economist Paul Krugman, one of the key issues surrounding the tariffs is uncertainty. Krugman said that the "real danger" lies in the price increases, which, combined with broader economic uncertainty, could lead consumers and businesses to expect higher inflation in the future. Clearly, U.S. consumers are deeply aware of the mounting uncertainties caused by the tariffs, and their concerns about the future are intensifying. According to the University of Michigan's latest survey, U.S. consumer sentiment in March fell for the third month in a row as concerns about the economy intensified amid tariff chaos. "Consumers continue to worry about the potential for pain amid ongoing economic policy developments," the survey noted, citing respondents' worsening expectations since February for their personal finances, business conditions, unemployment, and inflation. "If you want to produce something, if you want more of something produced in the United States, a tariff, which raises costs to consumers, is a very blunt instrument," Krugman said. "And it may actually backfire because of retaliation, because it raises costs to other industries." As consumers cut their spending in response to economic uncertainties, U.S. retailers are feeling the pinch of the tariff hikes. The latest data from the U.S. Department of Commerce shows that retail sales in February increased by only 0.2 percent from the previous month, remarkably lower than the 0.7 percent growth projected by economists. Multiple industry leaders have expressed concerns regarding the impact of tariffs on the supply chain, which connects consumers, vendors and retailers. "International trade is critically important to our business and industry," said Corie Barry, CEO of consumer electronics giant Best Buy. "The consumer electronics supply chain is highly global, technical and complex. China and Mexico remain the No. 1 and No. 2 sources for products we sell, respectively." Barry expects that vendors across Best Buy's entire assortment will pass along some level of tariff costs to retailers, "making price increases for American consumers highly likely." The ripple effects are becoming increasingly evident. Rising prices and economic uncertainty are eroding consumer confidence, leading to a decline in spending, a crucial driver of economic growth. This in turn fuels fears that the U.S. economy is decelerating and potentially sliding into a recession. The Budget Lab on Wednesday forecasted the country's real GDP growth to be 0.9 percentage points lower this year and the economy to be persistently 0.6 percent smaller in the long run, with all the 2025 U.S. tariffs and retaliation implemented to date accounted for. Addressing the tariffs' disruptive effects, Mohamed Moutii, a research associate with the Arab Center for Research, said that "tariffs do not protect American industries -- they weaken them." "They inflate prices, stifle competition, and erode international trade relationships." "The path to sustainable growth and enduring prosperity lies in openness, not economic isolation. Free trade has delivered immense benefits in the past, and it remains the strongest foundation for a more dynamic and interconnected global economy," he added.

2025-06-04 冉略 CATTI练笔 英-中
Domestic travel in China rises 6.3 percent during Qingming holiday

BEIJING, April 7 (Xinhua) -- China recorded 126 million domestic trips during the three-day Qingming Festival holiday that ended Sunday, a 6.3 percent increase from the previous year, according to data released by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism on Monday. Tourism revenue reached 57.55 billion yuan (about 8 billion U.S. dollars), up 6.7 percent year on year, as more travelers embraced short getaways and outdoor activities. The holiday, traditionally a time for tomb sweeping and honoring ancestors in China, also saw growing demand for rural escapes and nature excursions, with self-drive trips, cycling and hiking among the most popular choices.

2025-06-04 冉略 CATTI练笔 英-中
丁薛祥出席博鳌亚洲论坛2025年年会开幕式并发表主旨演讲（2025-03-27）

2025年3月27日上午，中共中央政治局常委、国务院副总理丁薛祥在海南博鳌出席博鳌亚洲论坛2025年年会开幕式，发表题为《共迎全球挑战共建亚洲家园》的主旨演讲。 丁薛祥说，今年是中国国家主席习近平提出构建亚洲命运共同体10周年。在各方共同努力下，亚洲命运共同体建设成绩斐然，区域经济一体化进程扎实推进，互联互通网络不断完善，亚洲经济占全球比重稳步上升，在实现自身发展的同时，也为促进世界共同发展作出了重要贡献。当前全球不稳定不确定性因素明显增多，我们要同心协力、携手前行，一道推动构建人类命运共同体，共迎全球性挑战，共建亚洲家园，共创亚洲和世界更加美好的未来。 丁薛祥提出4点建议：一是在增进信任中加强团结合作，尊重彼此的核心利益和重大关切，推动全球治理朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。二是在开放融通中推动经济全球化，坚持开放的区域主义，推进区域经济一体化和互联互通。三是在互利共赢中促进繁荣发展，落实好全球发展倡议，加强科技创新合作，更好助力各国发展。四是在和平共处中守护安宁稳定，通过对话和协商解决分歧争端，营造各国共享安全新局面。 丁薛祥强调，中国经济运行保持稳定，回升向好态势更加巩固，创新发展动能更加强劲，营商环境更加优化，我们有信心实现发展目标，必将为全球经济注入更多确定性。诚挚欢迎各国企业来华投资兴业，积极参与中国式现代化进程、分享中国发展机遇。 丁薛祥表示，博鳌亚洲论坛是开放包容、交流互鉴的重要国际平台。希望各位嘉宾在这里分享真知灼见，广泛凝聚共识，为在世界大变局中共创亚洲未来贡献更多智慧和力量。（演讲全文另发） 老挝总理宋赛、孟加拉国临时政府首席顾问尤努斯、密克罗尼西亚联邦副总统帕利克、蒙古国第一副总理兼经济发展部长冈图木尔、哈萨克斯坦第一副总理斯克利亚尔、俄罗斯副总理奥韦尔丘克、印尼基础设施与区域发展统筹部长阿古斯、葡萄牙国务部长兼外长兰热尔等来自60多个国家和地区的1500多位政界、工商界、智库学者和媒体代表参加开幕式。 开幕式上，博鳌亚洲论坛理事长潘基文致欢迎辞，宋赛、尤努斯及工商界代表先后致辞。他们表示，中方提出的构建人类命运共同体理念和全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议为世界注入了稳定性和确定性，对中国经济发展前景充满信心，愿同中方共同努力，为共建亚洲和世界美好未来作出贡献。 全国政协副主席何厚铧出席开幕式。

2025-06-03 冉略 CATTI练笔 中-英
U.S. tariff tsunami wrecks disproportionate havoc on African economies

ADDIS ABABA, April 30 (Xinhua) -- Lesotho, a small southern African country and one of the world's least developed countries, is facing grave concerns after U.S. President Donald Trump imposed a 50 percent "reciprocal tariff" on it. The move threatens Lesotho's economy, which is heavily dependent on textile exports. The U.S. tariff policy has triggered widespread criticism and caused economic turmoil worldwide. For Africa, home to 33 of the world's 46 least developed countries, the impact poses a significant threat to their development and industrialization. Most African economies are still in the early stage of development, with limited diversification and resilience to external risk, especially given their reliance on exports. Being subject to high "reciprocal tariffs" in a limited trade with the United States is making their economies more vulnerable, revealing the disproportionate impact of the U.S. tariff policy. Critics, including U.S. media, have called the U.S. "trade loss theory" untenable and absurd, saying Lesothans spend only 3 U.S. dollars per person a year on U.S. goods and services, not because they are taking advantage of the country, but because they have no money. Carlos Lopes, former executive secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, said Lesotho exports over 50 percent of its garment products to the United States, adding that the tariffs will inflict severe pain on its garment processing industry, a key economic pillar, leading to declining exports, factory shutdowns and massive job cuts. Noting that African economies have worked hard to integrate into global value chains under the framework of a rules-based international trading system, Lopes said that countries such as Madagascar, Lesotho and Kenya "find themselves penalized," as they have developed export-oriented sectors such as apparel, textiles, light manufacturing and agro-processing, all of which are highly vulnerable to tariff shocks. Newcomers in the lower rungs of industrialization, after years of donor-supported economic liberalization, are being blindsided by a tariff measure that was applied without regard for development levels, he added. South Africa's automotive sector, which accounts for 22 percent of its total exports to the United States, is among those hardest hit by separate tariffs on foreign-made cars. U.S. tariffs will have a series of negative economic impacts on African countries. Falling export earnings lead to a reduction in foreign exchange reserves, placing downward pressure on national currencies. The depreciation, in turn, makes imports more expensive, driving up the cost of living in affected countries. Meanwhile, African countries' ability to pay debts will also be hampered due to declining export earnings and worsening economic outlooks, possibly triggering sovereign credit crises, and further weakening the ability of governments to fund development projects. The potential impact goes further beyond immediate trade disruptions. U.S. tariffs create difficulty for African enterprises to accumulate the capital needed for technological upgrading and industrial transformation through exports. As a result, Africa's industrialization process is being hindered, constraining it at the lower end of the global value chain. Balew Demissie, a senior consultant at the Policy Studies Institute of Ethiopia, warned that although Ethiopia is implementing an import substitution strategy, it has yet to import key mechanical equipment to make it happen. The depreciation of its currency will undoubtedly increase costs and hinder its efforts to move up the industrial chain. Facing uncertain U.S. trade policies, African countries are actively embracing the African Continental Free Trade Area deal, which aims to promote intra-African trade and investment by eliminating internal tariff barriers, establishing regional value chains, achieving economies of scale, and enhancing Africa's standing in the global trade landscape. By now, 47 out of the 55 members of the African Union have ratified the agreement. The World Bank estimates that by 2035, this agreement is expected to help lift 30 million Africans out of extreme poverty, raise Africa's total income by 450 billion dollars, and increase the continent's exports by nearly 29 percent.

2025-06-03 冉略 CATTI练笔 英-中
US$217 for an engineering degree: The cheapest countries for future engineers

A degree in engineering can promise you three things: employment prospects, financial goals and social recognition. Upon graduation, engineers have the highest average starting pay at a median annual wage of US$91,420, with over 195,000 job openings per year for the next decade or so, according to the US Bureau of Labour Statistics. However, despite all the benefits an engineering degree will reap, it is undoubtedly one of the most expensive programmes to pursue, especially for international students. College Tuition Compare shares that the average undergraduate tuition fees in top institutions cost an estimated US$49,854 for international students in the 2023/24 academic year. These costs add up tremendously, especially with living expenses such as rent, groceries, and transportation. But if you’re determined to fulfil your dreams of becoming an engineer, there are countries that offer quality programmes where you won’t have to break the bank to do so. The cheapest countries to pursue a degree in engineering Germany Not only is Germany known for its low living costs, but it is also known for its affordable engineering degrees. The country is probably most famously known for its public universities not charging low tuition fees, making it among the world’s cheapest countries for international students. The average tuition fee for international students in Germany’s public universities is around US$108 to US$324 (100 to 300 euros). If you choose to attend one of the country’s private universities, the fees can amount to US$5,401 to US$21,607 (5,000 to 20,000 euros). The country is also generous with its scholarships, with examples including the DAAD Scholarship and Humboldt Research Fellowship. It is also easier for international students to live and work in Germany upon their graduation now, thanks to initiatives like the Promotion of International Talent for Integration into Studies and the Labour Market, more commonly known as “FIT.” Some of Germany’s top universities include: Technical University of Munich Karlsruhe Institute of Technology RWTH Aachen University New Zealand Pursuing a degree in engineering in New Zealand has many benefits. Universities there are known for their practical teaching environments, globally recognised qualifications, and a chance to work in a high-demand industry with a strong focus on innovation and sustainability — all while enjoying a high quality of life. Depending on your chosen university, the tuition fee for a standard four-year engineering programme ranges from US$11,451 to US$25,765 (20,000 to 45,000 New Zealand dollars). More than that, there is a growing demand for engineers in the country. New Zealand is in chronic need of engineers to match the growing economy, meaning there could be more job opportunities for international students to fill. This makes it the perfect choice for international students looking to relocate overseas. Some of New Zealand’s best universities include: Victoria University of Wellington University of Canterbury University of Auckland China Considered the fastest-growing economy and the world’s largest education system, China boasts many ambitious and technical engineering courses. With plenty of new economic development and upcoming engineering projects, students will be exposed to an array of experiences in multiple sectors and disciplines. Most programmes here last four years, and the cheapest start from US$2,481 (18,000 Chinese yuan) a year. This makes pursuing your degree in engineering in China a bang for your buck, especially since some universities offer English-language courses. Some Chinese universities to check out: Shanghai Jiao Tong University Zhejiang University Chongqing University Hong Kong Eight higher education institutions administered under Hong Kong’s University Grants Committee (UGC) will be upping their annual intake of international students from 3,000 to 6,000 for the 2024/25 academic year. This means that there’s no better time than now to pack your bags for Hong Kong and pursue that engineering degree from some of the best universities in Asia. A standard four-year programme here ranges from US$74,300 to US$93,000. Each university offers a range of financial aid and scholarships too, so seizing those opportunities could even lessen your financial burden. Explore these three Hong Kong universities: The University of Hong Kong City University of Hong Kong The Hong Kong Polytechnic University South Korea If you’ve ever visited South Korea, you’ll know that studying here is like a dream. The country expertly balances millennia of tradition with modern-day innovation, so much so that you’d be able to experience the upcoming world’s highest spokeless ferris wheel and the blossoming Haneul Park near each other. Earning a degree in engineering in South Korea will range from US$19,800 to US$38,965. While you might have to spend a year learning the language, picking up Korean could even help you gain a tuition fee waiver. Check out some of the top South Korean universities: Seoul National University Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST) Yeungnam University Canada Compared to the UK, Australia or the US, Canada has a lower cost of living and cheaper tuition fees. It’s no different, even if you’re pursuing a more expensive degree such as engineering. Here, students will get the best of both worlds – a quality education at an affordable cost. Tuition fees range from approximately US$5,100 to US$14,600 per year. Canadian universities are known to include research components in their degree programmes, allowing students the opportunity to participate in exciting projects. Some of Canada’s top universities include: University of Alberta University of Waterloo University of British Columbia Norway Consider pursuing a degree in engineering here, as most public universities in Norway don’t charge tuition fees, even for international students. You’ll only have to pay for administrative fees, student union fees, and other general living costs if you choose to study engineering here. If you wish to enter a private university, tuition fees range between US$7,557 to US$9,717 (7,000 to 9,000 euros) for bachelor’s programmes, while master’s programmes cost between US$9,717 to US$20,514 (9,000 to 19,000 euros) a year. You don’t have to speak Norwegian either, as most universities offer programmes or international exchanges in English. Here are some universities to consider: Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU) University of Oslo Disclaimer: This article was last updated on March 25, 2025.

2025-05-19 王雨新 国际教育 英-中

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