北京市教委：扰乱课堂秩序等七类情形，可实施教育惩戒

Beijing Municipal Education Commission: Seven types of situations, including disrupting classroom order, may be subject to educational disciplinary action.

8月7日，北京市教委官网发布了《北京市中小学教育惩戒规则实施细则 (试行)》(以下简称《细则(试行)》)，对教育惩戒的实施条件、教育惩戒的保障、教育惩戒的救济等内容进行了全面规定。

On August 7, the Beijing Municipal Education Commission released the "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Rules for Educational Discipline in Primary and Secondary Schools in Beijing (Trial)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Detailed Rules (Trial)") on its official website, which comprehensively stipulates the conditions for the implementation of educational discipline, the guarantees for educational discipline, and the remedies for educational discipline.

根据学生学段实施不同的教育惩戒方式

Different educational and disciplinary methods should be implemented according to students'

《细则(试行)》细化不同学段、不同行为的分级分类惩戒标准，差异化规定小学、初中、高中各学段惩戒措施，明确各种不良行为的具体表现和对应惩戒层级，便于学校和教师根据学生的年龄、认知水平和行为性质，选择最适宜的教育干预方式，提升教育惩戒的实效性。

The "Detailed Rules (Trial)" refine the tiered and categorized disciplinary standards for different educational stages and behaviors, differentiate disciplinary measures for primary, junior high, and senior high schools, clarify the specific manifestations of various bad behaviors and the corresponding disciplinary levels, and facilitate schools and teachers to choose the most appropriate educational intervention methods based on students' age, cognitive level, and behavioral nature, thereby improving the effectiveness of educational disciplinary measures.

其中，针对小学1—4年级的学生，应以口头教育、正面引导、即时纠正为主，慎用实质性惩戒措施。确需实施，应侧重于即时性的课堂行为矫治，并第一时间与家长沟通协作。

Among them, for students in grade 1-4 of primary school, oral education, positive guidance and immediate correction should be the main priority, and substantive disciplinary measures should be used cautiously. Really need to be implemented, we should focus on immediate classroom behavior correction, and communicate and collaborate with parents at the first time.

针对小学5—6年级学生，可在强调说服教育的同时，适度适用《细则(试行)》规定的教育惩戒措施，并注重与学生的沟通说理，帮助学生深刻认识错误。

For students in grades 5-6 of primary school, while emphasizing persuasion education, the educational and disciplinary measures stipulated in the Detailed Rules (Trial) can be appropriately applied, and communication and reasoning with students can be paid attention to to to help students deeply understand their mistakes.

针对初中阶段学生，可依法依规适用《细则(试行)》规定的各类教育惩戒措施，并强化规则教育、法治教育和责任承担，注重心理疏导和行为矫治。

For junior high school students, all kinds of educational and disciplinary measures stipulated in the Detailed Rules (Trial) can be applied according to laws and regulations, and rule education, rule of law education and responsibility assumption can be strengthened, and psychological counseling and behavioral correction can be paid attention to.

针对高中阶段，应侧重培养学生的自律意识和责任担当，对违规违纪行为可依法依规实施警示教育和管理措施，并明确其行为可能带来的严重后果。

For the high school stage, we should emphasize on cultivating students' self-discipline consciousness and responsibility, and implement warning education and management measures for violating regulations and disciplines according to laws and regulations, and clarify the serious consequences that their behaviors may bring.

扰乱课堂秩序等七类情形，可实施教育惩戒

Seven types of situations, such as disturbing classroom order, can be punished by education

《细则(试行)》规定，学生如果故意不完成教学任务要求或者不服从教育、管理；或扰乱课堂秩序、学校教育教学秩序；或吸烟(包括电子烟)、饮酒，或者言行失范违反学生守则的；有实施有害自己或者他人身心健康的危险行为的；有打骂同学、老师或者侵害他人合法权益的，或通过网络等方式对老师、同学等他人进行辱骂、诽谤、人身攻击等侵害行为；或者欺凌同学，单次或多次蓄意或恶意通过肢体、语言、网络等手段实施欺负、侮辱，造成双方力量明显不对等的另一方身体伤害、财产损失或精神损害的，以及其他违反校规校纪的行为，学校及其教师应当予以制止并进行批评教育，确有必要的，可以实施教育惩戒。

The "Detailed Rules (Trial)" stipulates that if students deliberately fail to complete the requirements of teaching tasks or disobey education and management; Or disturb the classroom order, school education and teaching order; Or smoking (including e-cigarettes), drinking alcohol, or speaking or acting in violation of the student code; Committing dangerous behaviors that are harmful to oneself or the physical and mental health of others; Beating and scolding classmates, teachers or infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of others, or insulting, slandering, personal attacks and other infringements on teachers, classmates and others through the Internet; Or bullying classmates, deliberately or maliciously bullying or insulting them through physical, verbal, online and other means once or multiple times, causing physical injury, property loss or mental damage to the other party who is clearly unequal in strength, or other acts that violate school rules and disciplines, the school and its teachers shall stop them and carry out criticism and education, and if necessary, may impose educational punishment.

同时，教师在课堂教学、日常管理中，对违规违纪情节较为轻微的学生，可以当场实施点名批评，责令赔礼道歉、做口头或者书面检讨，适当增加额外的教学或者班级公益服务任务，一节课堂教学时间内的教室内站立，课后教导等教育惩戒。需要注意的是，教师应向学生说明实施惩戒的原因，当场实施。实施后，教师可以根据情况以适当方式告知学生家长。

At the same time, in classroom teaching and daily management, teachers can name and criticize students with minor violations of regulations and disciplines on the spot, order them to apologize, make oral or written reviews, appropriately add additional teaching or class public welfare service tasks, stand in the classroom during a classroom teaching time, and teach after school and other educational punishments. It should be noted that teachers should explain the reasons for implementing the punishment to students and implement it on the spot. After implementation, teachers can inform the parents of students in an appropriate manner according to the situation.

如果学生违反校规校纪，情节较重或者经当场教育惩戒拒不改正的，学校可以实施由学校德育工作负责人予以训导，承担校内公益服务任务，安排接受专门的校规校纪、行为规则教育，暂停或者限制学生参加游览、校外集体活动以及其他外出集体活动等教育惩戒。

If a student violates school rules and disciplines, the circumstances are serious or refuses to make corrections after on-the-spot education and punishment, the school may implement educational punishment such as instruction by the person in charge of school moral education, undertake public welfare service tasks in the school, arrange for special education of school rules and disciplines and behavior rules, and suspend or restrict students from participating in tours, off-campus group activities and other outing group activities.

针对小学5—6年级、初中和高中阶段的学生违规违纪情节严重或者影响恶劣的，学校可以给予不超过一周的停课或者停学，要求家长在家进行教育、管教；由法治副校长或者法治辅导员予以训诫；安排专门的课程或者教育场所，由社会工作者或者其他专业人员进行心理辅导、行为干预等教育惩戒。

For students in grades 5-6 of primary schools, junior high schools and high schools who violate regulations and disciplines seriously or have a bad impact, the school may suspend classes or suspend schools for no more than one week, and require parents to carry out education and discipline at home; The vice-president of the rule of law or the counselor of the rule of law shall be admonished; Arrange special courses or educational places, and social workers or other professionals provide psychological counseling, behavioral intervention and other education and punishment.

对违规违纪情节严重，或者经多次教育惩戒仍不改正的学生，学校可以给予警告、严重警告、记过或者留校察看的纪律处分。对高中阶段学生，还可以根据相关规定给予开除学籍的纪律处分。对有严重不良行为的学生，学校可以按照法定程序，配合家长、有关部门将其转入专门学校教育矫治。

The school may give disciplinary sanctions such as warning, serious warning, demerit or probation to students who have serious violations of regulations or disciplines, or who have not corrected themselves after repeated education and punishment. Students at the high school stage may also be subject to disciplinary sanctions of expulsion according to relevant regulations. For students who have serious bad behavior, the school may, in accordance with legal procedures, cooperate with parents and relevant departments to transfer them to special schools for education and correction.

教育惩戒不能有超出正常限度的罚站、反复抄写等

Education and punishment should not have punishment of standing or repeated copying beyond the normal limit

与此同时，学校、教师在实施教育惩戒的过程中，变相体罚、“连坐”等被明令禁止。《细则(试行)》规定，教师在教育教学管理、实施教育惩戒过程中，不得以击打、刺扎等方式直接造成身体痛苦的体罚；不能超过正常限度的罚站、反复抄写，强制做不适的动作或者姿势，以及刻意孤立等间接伤害身体、心理的变相体罚；不能辱骂或者以歧视性、侮辱性的言行侵犯学生人格尊严；不能因个人或者少数人违规违纪行为而惩罚全体学生，或因学业成绩而教育惩戒学生。

At the same time, in the process of implementing educational punishment by schools and teachers, disguised corporal punishment and "continuous sitting" are explicitly prohibited. The "Detailed Rules (for Trial Implementation)" stipulates that teachers shall not directly cause physical pain by beating or stabbing in the process of education and teaching management and implementation of educational punishment; Disguised corporal punishment that indirectly harms the body and mind, such as punishment standing, repeated copying, forced uncomfortable movements or postures, and deliberate isolation, which cannot exceed the normal limit; Do not abuse or violate the personal dignity of students with discriminatory or insulting words and deeds; All students cannot be punished for violations of regulations or disciplines by individuals or a few people, or students can be educated and punished for academic achievements.

教师也不能无客观事实依据，主要基于个人情感倾向(如厌恶、偏见等)而实施惩戒；或在处理情节基本相同的多个违规事件时，无合理解释而对特定学生作出明显不同的处理，构成不公正对待的。或者指派学生对其他学生实施教育惩戒；其他侵害学生权利的行为。

Teachers can not be without objective factual basis, mainly based on personal emotional tendencies (such as disgust, prejudice, etc.) to implement punishment; Or treating specific students significantly differently without reasonable explanation when dealing with multiple violations with basically the same circumstances, which constitutes unjust treatment. Or assign students to impose educational discipline on other students; Other violations of student rights.

此外，教师对学生实施教育惩戒后，应当注重对学生的关爱、帮扶与关系修复，视情况引导学生向被影响方致歉、协商弥补损失、参与共同活动等，以修复社会关系。及时与学生进行谈话、沟通，尽可能了解学生的身心状态，对改正错误的学生及时予以表扬、鼓励，并鼓励班级同学予以接纳和支持。

In addition, after implementing educational punishment for students, teachers should pay attention to the care, assistance and relationship repair of students, and guide students to apologize to the affected parties, negotiate to make up for losses, and participate in common activities as appropriate, so as to repair social relations. Talk and communicate with students in time, understand the physical and mental state of students as much as possible, praise and encourage students who correct mistakes in time, and encourage classmates to accept and support them.

教育惩戒的规则与实践将纳入教师继续教育公共必修课

The rules and practices of educational punishment will be incorporated into the public compulsory courses of teachers' continuing education

在保障教师的“教育惩戒权”方面，《细则(试行)》明确表示，教师因实施教育惩戒与学生及其家长发生纠纷，学校应当及时进行处理。教师无过错的，不得因教师实施教育惩戒而给予其处分或者其他不利处理。

In terms of protecting teachers'"right to educational punishment", the Detailed Rules (Trial) clearly state that schools should deal with disputes between teachers and students and their parents due to the implementation of educational punishment in a timely manner. If a teacher is not at fault, he shall not be punished or otherwise disadvantageously treated because of the implementation of educational punishment.

教师违反规定实施教育惩戒，情节轻微的，学校应当予以批评教育；情节严重的，应当暂停履行职责或者依法依规给予处分；给学生身心造成伤害，违反治安管理处罚法的，由公安机关依法处理，构成违法犯罪的，学校应配合公安机关、司法机关依法追究刑事责任。

If a teacher violates the regulations and implements educational punishment, and the circumstances are minor, the school shall criticize and educate; If the circumstances are serious, the performance of duties shall be suspended or sanctions shall be imposed according to laws and regulations; Those who cause physical and mental harm to students and violate the Public Security Administration Punishment Law shall be dealt with by the public security organs according to law. If it constitutes an illegal crime, the school shall cooperate with the public security organs and judicial organs to investigate criminal responsibility according to law.

教育惩戒需要家长的配合。《细则(试行)》规定，学校、教师及教育行政部门应加强家庭教育指导，重视家校协作，通过多种途径向家长宣传、解读教育惩戒的政策法规与教育理念，明确家校责任，使家长理解、支持和配合实施教育惩戒，形成合力。

Educational discipline requires the cooperation of parents. The Detailed Rules (Trial) stipulate that schools, teachers and educational administrative departments should strengthen family education guidance, attach importance to home-school cooperation, publicize and interpret policies, regulations and educational concepts of educational punishment to parents through various channels, clarify the responsibilities of home and school, and make parents understand, support and cooperate with the implementation of educational punishment, so as to form a joint force.

家长应当依法履行对子女的教育职责，尊重教师的教育权利，配合教师、学校对违规违纪学生进行管教，并承担相应的家庭教育责任。对于学校依法作出的教育惩戒决定，家长应当配合执行。

Parents should perform their educational duties for their children according to law, respect the educational rights of teachers, cooperate with teachers and schools to discipline students who violate regulations and disciplines, and assume corresponding responsibilities for family education. Parents should cooperate with the implementation of educational and disciplinary decisions made by schools according to law.

保障教师正确实施教育惩戒，《细则(试行)》提出，市、区教育行政部门应将教育惩戒的规则与实践纳入教师继续教育公共必修课；区教育行政部门应将教育惩戒的规则与实践纳入新入职教师培训。学校应当有针对性地加强对教师的培训，促进教师更新教育理念、改进教育方式方法，提高教师正确履行职责的意识与能力。

To ensure teachers' correct implementation of educational punishment, the Detailed Rules (Trial) proposes that the municipal and district education administrative departments should incorporate the rules and practices of educational punishment into the public compulsory courses of teachers' continuing education; District education administrative departments should incorporate the rules and practices of educational punishment into the training of new teachers. Schools should strengthen the training of teachers in a targeted way, promote teachers to renew their educational ideas, improve their educational methods and methods, and improve their consciousness and ability to perform their duties correctly.

此外，《细则(试行)》提出，对于学生和家长认为不当的教育惩戒，学生和家长也可以提出申诉。学校应当成立由学校相关负责人、教师代表、学生代表、家长代表、德育干部、驻校社工、法治副校长等校内外有关方面代表组成的学生申诉委员会，受理申诉申请，组织复查。学校应当明确学生申诉委员会的人员构成、受理范围及处理程序等并向学生及家长公布。

In addition, the Detailed Rules (Trial) propose that students and parents can also lodge complaints against educational disciplines that students and parents consider inappropriate. The school shall set up a student complaint committee composed of relevant representatives of the school, teacher representatives, student representatives, parents representatives, moral education cadres, social workers in school, vice-principal of the rule of law and other relevant parties inside and outside the school, to accept the complaint application and organize the review. The school shall clarify the composition of the student complaint committee, the scope of acceptance and the handling procedures, and announce them to the students and parents.

点击查看：北京市教育委员会关于印发《北京市中小学教育惩戒规则实施细则(试行)》的通知

Click to view: Notice of Beijing Municipal Education Commission on Printing and Distributing Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Punishment Rules for Primary and Secondary Education in Beijing (for Trial Implementation)