治理之道：持续提升社会治理效能
The Path to Governance: Continuously Enhancing Social Governance Efficiency
保持国泰民安的社会环境，具有十分重要的意义。社会治理水平事关群众切身利益，事关社会和谐稳定。保持国泰民安的社会环境，必须持续提升社会治理效能。
The imperative to maintain a stable and secure social environment is clear. Since the quality of social governance directly impacts the vital interests of the citizens and broader social stability, continuously improving its effectiveness is thus a prerequisite for ensuring the nation's enduring peace and the people's well-being.
党的十八大以来，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，我国社会建设全面加强，人民生活全方位改善，社会治理社会化、法治化、智能化、专业化水平大幅提升，发展了人民安居乐业、社会安定有序的良好局面，续写了社会长期稳定奇迹。我国是世界上命案发案率最低的国家之一，是刑事犯罪率最低的国家之一，是枪爆犯罪最少的国家之一。2020年，全国刑事立案总量实现5年连降，8类主要刑事案件和查处治安案件数量实现6年连降。我们要聚焦维护政治安全、社会安定、人民安宁，坚持以群众期盼为导向，加强和创新社会治理，紧抓影响社会治理效能提升的关键环节，凝聚维护社会和谐稳定的合力，让“中国之治”成色更足，使人民获得感、幸福感、安全感更加充实、更有保障、更可持续。
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the firm leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, China has comprehensively advanced its social development and achieved all-around improvements in people’s livelihoods. The modernization of social governance has made significant strides, with greater emphasis on public participation, the rule of law, smart technology, and professional expertise. This has fostered a stable and orderly society where the people live and work in contentment, perpetuating the “miracle of long-term social stability.”Globally, China stands as one of the nations with the lowest rates of homicide, overall crime, and gun- and explosives-related offenses. By 2020, the country had recorded a fifth consecutive year of decline in the total number of criminal cases filed, and a sixth consecutive year of reduction in eight categories of major criminal offenses and public security cases.Looking ahead, we must remain focused on our core objectives: safeguarding national political security, ensuring public stability, and protecting the peace and well-being of our people. Guided by the aspirations of the public, we will continue to strengthen and innovate social governance, concentrating on the critical areas that enhance its effectiveness. By rallying all forces to maintain social harmony and stability, we will further enrich the achievements of “Governance of China,” ensuring that the people’s sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security is ever more substantial, guaranteed, and sustainable.
防范化解各种风险。当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局，我国正处于实现中华民族伟大复兴关键时期，社会风险易发多发，扩散速度快，防控难度大。必须坚持总体国家安全观，坚持底线思维，增强忧患意识，切实增强驾驭风险本领，着力防范化解社会治理领域的各种风险。加强社会风险监管，理清责任链条，提高履责效能。对涉及多个部门、管理难度大、风险隐患突出的监管事项，建立健全跨部门综合监管制度，完善各司其职、各负其责、相互配合、齐抓共管的协同监管机制。对直接关系人民群众生命财产安全、公共安全，以及潜在风险大、社会风险高的重点领域，实施重点监管，防范化解重大风险。针对城市和乡村的不同特点与实际情况，坚持源头治理、系统治理、依法治理、综合治理，完善依法有效预防和化解社会风险的体制机制。
We must effectively prevent and defuse a wide array of risks. Our world is currently undergoing profound changes not seen in a century, while China is at a critical juncture in its journey toward the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In this context, social risks are increasingly prevalent, prone to rapid escalation, and challenging to contain. It is imperative that we uphold a holistic view of national security, maintain a bottom-line mindset, and strengthen our vigilance against potential dangers. We must significantly enhance our capacity for risk management and focus on mitigating and resolving risks across the entire spectrum of social governance.To this end, we must strengthen the oversight of social risks by clarifying chains of responsibility and improving the efficacy of their execution. For regulatory issues that span multiple departments, involve complex management, or present significant hazards, we will establish and refine robust cross-departmental, integrated oversight systems. This includes perfecting a synergistic regulatory mechanism where each entity fulfills its specific duties, assumes its due responsibilities, and collaborates in a concerted effort.Furthermore, we will implement targeted oversight in key areas that are directly linked to the safety of people’s lives and property, public security, or are characterized by high potential and social risks, with the aim of preventing and neutralizing major threats. Finally, in addressing the distinct characteristics and realities of our urban and rural areas, we will adhere to the principles of addressing problems at their source, employing systematic, law-based, and comprehensive approaches. This will ensure the continuous improvement of our institutional frameworks for the effective and lawful prevention and resolution of social risks.
维护群众合法权益。社会和谐稳定、生机勃勃，人民才能安居乐业、心情舒畅。我们要深刻把握我国社会主要矛盾变化，主动适应人民群众对美好生活的向往，深入推进更高水平的平安中国建设，创造社会长期稳定新奇迹。以群众期盼为导向，切实保护人民群众人身权、财产权、人格权，解决好老百姓急难愁盼问题，依法严厉打击严重危害人民群众生命财产安全的违法犯罪，全方位提升守护群众平安、保障群众权益的层次和水平，让更高水平的平安中国建设成效更加可见、可触、可感。对人民内部矛盾，要善于运用法治、民主、协商的办法进行处理。打造共建共治共享的社会治理格局，完善党委领导、政府负责、社会协同、公众参与、法治保障的社会治理体制，使社会治理成效更多、更公平地惠及全体人民。
Safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the people. A harmonious, stable, and vibrant society is essential for the people to live and work in peace and contentment. We must deeply understand the changes in China’s major social contradictions and actively respond to the people’s aspirations for a better life. By further advancing the construction of a safer China, we aim to create new miracles of long-term social stability. Guided by the people’s expectations, we will effectively protect their personal, property, and personality rights, addressing their urgent concerns and difficulties. We will strictly crack down on crimes that seriously endanger the safety of people’s lives and property in accordance with the law, comprehensively enhancing the level of protecting the people’s safety and rights. This will make the achievements of a higher-level safe China more visible, tangible, and sensible. We should skillfully handle internal contradictions among the people through the rule of law, democracy, and consultation. By fostering a social governance pattern of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, and improving the social governance system led by the Party committee, with government responsibility, social coordination, public participation, and legal protection, we will ensure that the benefits of social governance are more effective and fairly distributed among all the people.
提高法治保障水平。法治是社会治理现代化的重要标志，对提升社会治理效能具有重要保障作用。我们要善于运用法治思维推进社会治理，运用法治方式破解治理难题。加强社会治理制度建设，推进社会治理制度化、规范化、程序化，依靠法治维护社会秩序、解决社会问题、协调利益关系、推动社会事业发展，全面提升社会治理法治化水平。推进多层次多领域依法治理，发挥市民公约、乡规民约、行业规章、团体章程等社会规范在社会治理中的积极作用，激发社会组织在参与社会事务、维护公共利益等方面的活力，促进社会既充满活力又和谐有序。培育全社会办事依法、遇事找法、解决问题用法、化解矛盾靠法的法治环境，提升全社会法治意识，引导社会成员自觉养成在法治轨道上行使权利、解决纷争的习惯，努力使循法而行成为全体公民的自觉行动，不断提高社会治理的法治保障水平。
Enhancing the Level of Legal Protection. The rule of law is a crucial indicator of the modernization of social governance and plays a vital role in ensuring its effectiveness. We must be adept at applying a rule-of-law mindset to advance social governance and employing legal methods to solve governance challenges. We will strengthen the development of the social governance system, promote its institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization, and rely on the rule of law to maintain social order, resolve social problems, coordinate interest relations, and advance social undertakings, thereby comprehensively elevating the rule of law in social governance. We will advance law-based governance across multiple levels and fields, giving full play to the positive role of social norms—such as public conventions, local village regulations, industry codes, and organizational charters—in social governance. This will stimulate the vitality of social organizations in participating in public affairs and safeguarding public interests, fostering a society that is both vibrant and harmoniously orderly. We will cultivate a legal environment throughout society where people act in accordance with the law, seek legal solutions when problems arise, and use legal means to resolve conflicts. We will enhance the public’s awareness of the rule of law, guiding all members of society to consciously develop the habit of exercising rights and settling disputes within the legal framework, striving to make law-abiding behavior a conscious action of every citizen, and continuously improving the level of legal protection for social governance.
（作者为中南财经政法大学教授）
(The writer is a professor at Central South University of Finance, Economics and Law)
《 人民日报 》（ 2022年01月05日 09 版）
"People's Daily" (January 05, 2022, 09 Edition)
