How does gender impact teens’ academic experience?

性别如何影响青少年的学术经历？

Dive Brief:

潜水简报：

A recent survey of U.S. teens finds that teen girls and boys have similar goals but face different social and academic pressures.

最近对美国青少年的一项调查发现，十几岁的女孩和男孩有相似的目标，但面临不同的社会和学业压力。

In the classroom, for instance, 63% of teens say boys are more disruptive than girls, while 34% say girls speak up more, according to the Pew Research Center survey of 1,391 teens ages 13 to 17.

例如，根据皮尤研究中心对1,391名13至17岁青少年的调查，在课堂上，63%的青少年表示男孩比女孩更具破坏性，而34%的青少年表示女孩更直言不讳。

Despite these differences in perceptions, girls and boys want many of the same things out of life — 86% of teens said it’s extremely or very important to them that they have a job or career they enjoy, 69% emphasized having close friends, and 58% want to have a lot of money. Anxiety, depression and grades were some of the most common pressures reported across both genders.

尽管存在这些看法差异，但女孩和男孩想要的生活中有许多相同的东西——86%的青少年表示，拥有自己喜欢的工作或职业对他们来说极其或非常重要，69%的人强调拥有亲密的朋友，58%的人希望拥有很多钱。焦虑、抑郁和成绩是男女最常见的压力。

Dive Insight:

潜水洞察：

While most teens experience social pressures in school, the nature of these pressures differs by gender, the Pew survey found.

皮尤研究中心的调查发现，虽然大多数青少年在学校都经历过社会压力，但这些压力的性质因性别而异。

Girls said they feel more pressure than boys to look good (55%) and fit in socially (45%). Conversely, boys reported feeling more pressure than girls to be physically strong (43%) and good at sports (36%).

女孩说，她们比男孩感到更大的压力，要看起来漂亮（55%）和适应社会（45%）。相反，男孩报告说，他们比女孩感到更大的压力，身体强壮（43%）和擅长运动（36%）。

Despite these differences, boys and girls feel equally pressured to be involved in extracurricular activities and to get good grades.

尽管存在这些差异，男孩和女孩在参加课外活动和取得好成绩方面都感到同样的压力。

Some 68% of teens said they face a great deal or fair amount of pressure to get good grades. While 55% said academic performance is about equal, 42% reported that girls get better grades than boys at their school. Girls were also more likely than boys to say girls get better grades at their school.

大约68%的青少年说，他们面临着很大或相当大的压力，以获得好成绩。虽然55%的人说学习成绩大致相同，但42%的人说女孩在学校的成绩比男孩好。女孩也比男孩更有可能说女孩在学校的成绩更好。

Anxiety and depression are at the forefront of problems teens said their school peers face. Among teens who said anxiety and depression are common at their schools, 39% said it's more common among girls. However, 56% said it affects both equally, according to the report.

焦虑和抑郁是青少年说他们的同龄人面临的最主要的问题。在那些说焦虑和抑郁在学校很常见的青少年中，39%的人说这在女孩中更常见。然而，56%的人表示，这对两者的影响是一样的。

At the same time, majorities of teen boys and girls alike said girls have it easier when it comes to having friends they can turn to for emotional support.

与此同时，大多数青少年男孩和女孩都说，女孩在有朋友可以寻求情感支持时更容易。

Additionally, while a large majority of teens reported that they prioritize having a job or career they enjoy when they’re an adult, their postsecondary plans to achieve that goal differ.

此外，虽然绝大多数青少年报告说，他们优先考虑有一份工作或职业，他们喜欢当他们是一个成年人，他们的中学后计划，以实现这一目标的不同。

Most teens said they plan to attend a four-year college, but a smaller percentage plan to attend a two-year college, enroll in a technical or vocational school, work full-time, or join the military. About 1 in 5 teens are unsure of their plans.

大多数青少年说他们计划上四年制大学，但计划上两年制大学、上技术或职业学校、全职工作或参军的比例较小。大约五分之一的青少年不确定他们的计划。

Girls were more likely to say they plan to attend a four-year college, at 60% of girls compared to 46% of boys. The survey also found boys are more likely than girls to say they plan to enroll in a technical school, work full-time, or join the military after high school.

女孩更有可能说她们计划上四年制大学，60%的女孩和46%的男孩。调查还发现，男孩比女孩更有可能说他们计划在高中毕业后进入技术学校，全职工作或参军。