WHO calls for a new era of strategic urban health action with global guide to unlock healthy, prosperous and resilient societies

世卫组织呼吁开启战略性城市卫生行动新时代，借助全球指南，实现健康、繁荣和有复原力的社会

On World Cities Day, the World Health Organization (WHO) calls on national and city leaders to transform urban areas into engines of health, equity and sustainability.

在世界城市日，世界卫生组织（世卫组织）呼吁国家和城市领导人将城市地区转变为健康、公平和可持续发展的动力源。

More than 4.4 billion people, over half of humanity, now live in urban areas, a figure projected to rise to nearly 70% by 2050. In cities health, inequality, environment and economy intersect in powerful and dramatic ways, creating both complex risks and unique opportunities for progress. While health challenges loom in all urban settings, the worst health outcomes are often concentrated in slums and informal settlements, with residents enduring unsafe housing, inadequate sanitation, food insecurity, and rising exposure to floods and heat. Today, 1.1 billion people live in these conditions, a number expected to triple by 2050.

超过44亿人，超过全球人口的一半，居住在城市地区，预计到2050年这一数字将升至近70%。在城市中，健康、不平等、环境和经济密切且显著地相互交织，既带来了复杂的风险，也创造了独特的发展机遇。尽管健康挑战在所有城市环境中普遍凸显，但最恶劣的健康后果往往集中在贫民窟和非正规住区，居民忍受着不安全的住房、卫生设施不足、粮食不安全以及接触洪水和高温高温风险的概率不断上升的问题。目前，有11亿人生活在这类环境中，预计到2050年，这一数字将增至三倍。

With the new guide for decision-makers launched today "Taking a strategic approach to urban health" WHO provides concrete ideas to usher in a new era of urban health action. The Guide responds to the growing demand for integrated solutions that address health challenges and promote health more broadly in urban settings. It is the first comprehensive framework of its kind to help governments plan urban health strategically, integrating evidence into policy and practice.

世卫组织今天发布了新的决策者指南《对城市卫生采取战略方法》，为开创城市卫生行动的新时代提供了具体的想法。该指南响应了对应对健康挑战和在城市环境中更广泛地促进健康的综合解决方案日益增长的需求。这是第一个帮助政府战略性地规划城市卫生的综合框架，将证据纳入政策和实践。

“This is a moment for decision-makers at every level to act together,” said Jeremy Farrar, Assistant Director General, for Health Promotion, Disease Prevention and Care, WHO. “The guide gives national and municipal leaders, planners, partners and communities a framework to work together, across sectors and scales, to build fairer, healthier, and more resilient futures.”

表示：“这是各级决策者共同行动的时刻。”“该指南为国家和市政领导人、规划者、合作伙伴和社区提供了一个跨部门，跨规模协作的框架，助力构建更公平、更健康和更具复原力的未来。”

Health risks and inequities are seen in all urban areas: a study of 363 cities in nine Latin American countries found life expectancy gaps of up to 14 years for men and 8 years for women between the healthiest and least healthy cities. Urban residents everywhere face multiple, overlapping risks – from air pollution and unsafe transport to poor housing, noise and climate hazards. Air pollution alone kills around 7 million people annually, and nearly every city dweller breathes air that fails to meet WHO air quality guideline values. Dense populations heighten risks for infectious outbreaks such as COVID-19 and dengue and limited access to green spaces increases the risk for noncommunicable diseases.

所有城市地区都存在健康风险和不平等问题：一项针对9个拉丁美洲国家363个城市的研究发现，最健康和最不健康城市之间的预期寿命差距，男性可达14岁，女性可达8岁。各地的城市居民都面临着多重交织的风险——从空气污染和不安全的交通到恶劣的住房、噪音和气候危害。仅空气污染一项，每年就导致约700万人死亡，且几乎每个城市居民呼吸的空气都未达世卫组织空气质量准则值。人口密集会加剧新冠肺炎和登革热等传染病爆发，而限制进入绿色空间增加了非传染性疾病的风险。

Urban environments have now become the dominant day-to-day influence on human health – while also driving global challenges such as climate change, resource scarcity, and growing inequality. This makes them not only the front line for today’s health challenges, but the greatest hope for transformative change.

城市环境如今已成为影响人类日常健康的主要因素，同时也在加剧气候变化、资源稀缺和不平等加剧等全球挑战。这使得城市环境不仅是当今健康挑战的前沿阵地，更是变革的最大希望。

Strategic action on urban health can foster equity and create resilient, attractive urban environments that are conducive to economic development, environmental sustainability, and better lives. People and businesses increasingly seek environments that offer safety, livability and opportunity.

城市卫生战略行动能够促进公平，打造兼具复原力雨吸引力的城市环境，这类环境有助于经济发展，环境可持续性与生活品质提升。民众和企业正愈发倾向于选择举杯安全性，宜居性，与发展机遇的环境。

​​Decision-makers are bringing community voices directly into urban design for health in the Dandora neighbourhood of Nairobi, Kenya; Suva, Fiji; Makassar, Indonesia; Coimbra, Portugal and many others.

在肯尼亚内罗毕的丹多拉社区，斐济苏瓦；印度尼西亚望加锡；葡萄牙科英布拉的等多地，决策者正将社区诉求直接融入健康导向的城市设计；

“Cities are key to advancing public health,” said Dr Etienne Krug, Director of Health Determinants, Prevention and Promotion. “This Guide offers governments a roadmap to act strategically, making operational links with other major global policy issues like climate change, transport, digital transformation and migration.”

“城市是促进公共卫生的关键所在，”世卫组织健康决定因素、预防与促进部门主任艾蒂安·克鲁格博士表示。“本指南为各国政府提供了战略行动路线图，助力其与气候变化、交通、数字化转型和移民等其他重大全球政策议题建立实务层面的衔接。”

The Guide emphasizes that health is not the responsibility of one sector alone, nor limited to the decisions of city officials. From clean air and safe housing to active mobility and digital access, to broader financing and regulatory action, decisions made every day by urban authorities across multiple sectors and scales affect the health of billions. Taking strategic action means aligning these choices to build healthier and fairer futures, where urban systems work together to advance equity, sustainability and resilience.

该指南强调，卫生并非单一部门的专属责任，也不限于城市官员的决策。从清洁空气、安全住房到积极的移动性和数字接入，再到更广泛的融资和监管行动，城市管理部门跨多个部门和层级做出的日常决策，影响着数十亿人的健康。采取战略行动意味着统筹这些决策，以构建更健康、更公平的未来，让城市系统协调合作，推动公平性、可持续性和复原力的提升。

"Taking a Strategic Approach to Urban Health" outlines practical steps for governments to:

《城市卫生战略方法》概述了各国政府可遵循的实际步骤，具体包括：

understand the complexity of urban systems and how they shape health and equity;

理解城市系统的复杂性以及这些系统如何影响健康和公平性；

identify entry points for action, recognizing opportunities to build urban health across policy and practice agendas in other sectors and issues;

明确行动切入点，发掘在其他部门及议题的政策和实践议程中构建城市卫生的机会；

strengthen the means of implementation for urban health, including governance, financing, data, analytics, innovation, capacity-strengthening, partnerships and participation; and

加强城市卫生的实施手段，具体包括治理、融资、数据、数据分析、创新、能力建设、伙伴关系和参与；和

develop comprehensive urban health strategies at both national and city levels.

在国家和城市两级制定综合性城市卫生战略。

WHO calls on municipal and national leaders to adopt a more strategic approach to urban health, recognizing the crucial role that local and national governments play in creating coherent health action that aligns with other societal goals, and making urban areas not only more livable, but more just and sustainable.

世卫组织呼吁市政与国家领导人对城市卫生采取更具战略性的方法，同时认识到地方和国家政府在制定与其他社会目标相一致的连贯卫生行动以及使城市地区不仅更宜居，而且更公正和可持续方面发挥的关键作用。

Alongside the Guide, WHO is launching the first three modules of an Urban Health E-learning course, hosted by the WHO Academy, to strengthen capacities for collaborative work in urban contexts.

除该指南之外，世卫组织同步推出由世卫组织学院承办的城市卫生电子学习课程的前三个模块，旨在加强城市环境下的协作工作能力建设。

Note to editors

编辑注意事项

Developed with input from a wide range of global experts, "Taking a strategic approach to urban health: A guide for decision makers" builds on decades of WHO’s work on urban health, showing that when health is tackled in a strategic way, it can drive healthier, more resilient societies.

《城市卫生战略方法：决策者指南》是在众多全球专家的参与下编制而成，依托世卫组织数十年来在建立在城市领域的工作成果，表明若以战略方式解决健康问题时，便能构建推动更健康、更有复原力的社会。