河北金融学院教学平台-试译宝

本校课程

河北省第五届硕士研究生翻译大赛初赛

科技

河北省首届硕士研究生英语翻译大赛-河北金融学院英语笔译初赛-英译汉

英语基础训练

CATTI笔译备考课程

好课推荐 前往试译宝，备考CATTI MTI

高校专属

高校专属

校企合作

广外高翻笔译队2021秋招初试_0921 上午场

网文动漫MTPE兼职招聘专场

知识产权语言服务人才培养-校企直通163

河北金融学院—学生翻译实践

以下内容为河北金融学院学生最近一个月内的翻译实践成果

New laser drill could help scientists explore ice-covered worlds like Jupiter's ocean moon Europa

A new laser concept could revolutionize how we explore the frozen worlds of our solar system. When scientists dream of exploring the hidden oceans beneath the icy crusts of moons like Jupiter's Europa or Saturn's Enceladus — or other icy regions, such as permanently shadowed lunar craters or ice-bearing soils near the Martian poles — one major problem stands in the way: drilling through the ice. Traditional drills and melting probes are heavy, complex and consume vast amounts of power. Now, researchers at the Institute of Aerospace Engineering at Technische Universität Dresden in Germany have developed a promising new solution — a laser-based ice drill that can bore deep, narrow channels into ice while keeping both mass and energy requirements low. "We've created a laser drill that enables deep, narrow and energy-efficient access to ice without increasing instrument mass — something mechanical drills and melting probes cannot achieve," Martin Koßagk, lead author of the study, told Space.com in an email. Mechanical drills become heavier with depth as they extend rods downward, and melting probes rely on long, power-hungry cables. The laser drill sidesteps both problems by keeping all instruments at the surface. This tech sends a concentrated beam into the ice, vaporizing it rather than melting it — a process known as sublimation. The resulting vapor escapes upward through a narrow borehole just wide enough for gas and dust samples to be collected. Instruments on the surface can then analyze these samples for chemical composition and density, providing valuable clues about the thermal properties and formation history of the cosmic body being explored. While lasers aren't the most energy-efficient tools, the beam vaporizes a mere pinhole of ice, meaning the drill uses far less total power than electric heaters. It also works faster in dust-rich layers that slow traditional melting probes, allowing it to bore much deeper without added mass or energy. Therefore, a laser-based instrument "makes subsurface exploration of icy moons more realistic, allowing high-resolution analysis of ice composition and density, improving models of heat transport and ocean depth on bodies like Europa and Enceladus, and supporting studies of crust formation," Koßagk said. "On the moon or Mars, the laser drill can also extract subsurface material such as dust from ice-bearing craters or soils, enabling geological reconstruction beyond the surface layers." The team's laser drill concept operates at roughly 150 watts (W), with a projected mass of about 9 pounds (4 kilograms), remaining constant regardless of depth — whether 33 feet (10 meters) or 6 miles (10 kilometers). However, Koßagk noted that a mass spectrometer for analyzing the gas and instruments for dust separation and analysis would increase the power requirement and mass. Early tests show promise. The prototype drilled through ice samples about 8 inches (20 centimeters) long under vacuum and cryogenic conditions during laboratory experiments, and at greater depths in field tests in the Alps and Arctic, reaching depths of more than a meter in snow. In tests with 20 watts of laser power, the system reached drilling speeds near 1 meter per hour, and up to 3 meters per hour in loose or dusty ice. A laser-based concept is not without limitations. In stone or layers of dust in which there is no ice that could be vaporized, the drilling process would be stopped. And, in those cases, a new borehole would need to be drilled from the surface that bypasses the obstacle. "It is therefore important to operate the laser drill in conjunction with other measuring instruments," Koßagk told Space.com. "Radar instruments could look into the ice and locate larger obstacles, which the laser drill could then drill past." Water-filled crevasses would also pose a challenge. When one is drilled into, the laser drill would have to pump out water as it flows in before it could continue to drill deeper. However, drilling into these areas could help to identify the chemistry of potential habitats for past or present microbial life. If bacteria ever existed, their remains might be detectable in the samples collected from a laser-drilled borehole. To make this type of laser drill possible, next steps would be miniaturizing the system, developing a dust-separation unit and completing space-qualification tests. A compact payload version could one day ride aboard a lander to an icy moon, bringing scientists closer to decoding the secrets frozen beneath alien surfaces, Koßagk said. Meanwhile, back on Earth, the same tool could even help predict avalanches. Field tests in cooperation with the Austrian Research Centre for Forests and Department of Natural Hazards in the Alps and the Arctic showed that the laser drill can measure snow density without digging a pit — and, mounted on a drone, it could collect data from dangerous slopes where humans can't safely go, Koßagk said. Whether on Earth or in deep space, the goal is the same: to look beneath the surface and understand what's hidden in the ice. The team's initial findings were published Sept. 8 in the journal Acta Astronautica.

2025-12-05 谢宇轩航空英-中

Venus loses its last active spacecraft, as Japan declares Akatsuki orbiter dead

Humanity's last active mission at Venus is no more. The Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) declared its Akatsuki spacecraft dead on Tuesday (Oct. 28), more than a year after the Venus climate probe failed to respond to calls from mission control. "This was a mission that changed our view of our Earth-sized neighbor, and laid the path for new discoveries about what it takes to become heaven or hell," JAXA officials stated of the mission, referring to the notoriously high-pressure and high-temperature surface of Venus in comparison to Earth. JAXA noted that the Akatsuki mission produced 178 journal papers and counting, and that it tripled its 4.5-year design lifetime — even though the probe missed its first shot at orbiting Venus. The $300 million spacecraft, also known as the Venus Climate Orbiter, launched in 2010 and experienced a failure of its main engine along the way, missing the chance for a crucial burn to enter orbit. Incredibly, however, the mission survived long enough for a second try at orbital insertion in 2015, when Akatsuki drew close to Venus after five years of orbiting the sun. "With the main rocket engine damaged, the team were forced to get creative," JAXA wrote in the statement. "The spacecraft would have to attempt capture using the less powerful thrusters that were designed for the tasks of attitude control and fine adjustments. Orbit insertion had never previously been achieved with such a method, but exploration has always been about redefining the impossible." Akatsuki not only made it but persisted in its exploration of Venus for nearly a decade. JAXA announced it had lost contact with the spacecraft on May 29, 2024 after about a month of communication issues. Akatsuki aimed to learn more about the climate of Venus, which has surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead, alongside crushing pressure that has destroyed past landing missions in minutes. As an orbiter, Akatsuki focused on the cloud bank of Venus that is about 30 to 43 miles (50 to 70 kilometers) above the surface. "In this region, winds whip at speeds that approach the Shinkansen bullet trains, 60 times faster than the planet rotation — a phenomenon that is known as 'super rotation,'" JAXA wrote. While Venusian clouds whip around the planet in about four Earth days on average, Venus' extremely slow rotation means a single Venusian day lasts the equivalent of 243 days on our planet. Akatsuki made progress in learning about super rotation. "As Akatsuki gazed steadily at the Venusian surface, researchers mapped the clouds between hundreds of images, measuring their speed as they slid around the globe," JAXA stated. "This analysis revealed that the acceleration of the clouds depended on the local solar time, suggesting that the incredible rotation speeds were being maintained by solar heating." The finding has implications for life beyond Earth, the agency added. Venus orbits the sun in just 225 days, a shorter duration than its rotation. This means the planet is nearly tidally locked, which would be the case if its surface perpetually had one hemisphere facing the sun (just like Earth's moon, whose near side constantly faces our planet.) "Many of the extrasolar planets discovered may be in tidal lock, and there is an ongoing debate as to whether this impedes their chances of habitability," JAXA wrote. "Without a mechanism to redistribute heat, air on the nightside of a tidally locked world would freeze and cause global atmospheric collapse. However, if Venus's rapid atmosphere rotation is driven by thermal input from the star, then this could be a common mechanism that would redistribute the heat fast enough on tidally locked worlds to save their air." Akatsuki initially launched with six instruments, all of which were still working when it entered the orbit of Venus in 2015. Two infrared cameras stopped working about a year after orbital insertion, but the last four instruments were believed to still be healthy when Akatsuki stopped communicating in 2024. The mission made some other discoveries as well, JAXA said. Scientists spotted a bow-like feature in the atmosphere that lasted for at least four Earth days, which researchers suggested was due to mountains on Venus allowing lower-atmosphere gas to move higher as a "gravity wave" to a greater extent than observed on Earth. But learning more will require new Venus missions, JAXA said. And there are some in the planning stages. For example, NASA is working on a mission called DAVINCI, which is designed to penetrate the atmosphere, and another one called VERITAS, which will orbit the planet in search of information about its surface and interior. And the European Space Agency is developing EnVision, an orbiter that will study the atmosphere, interior and surface of Venus. Both DAVINCI and VERITAS, however, are at threat of losing funding in President Donald Trump's 2026 NASA budget request, which slashes agency funding by 24% and cancels dozens of science missions. What happens next is still being debated by politicians during the ongoing U.S. government shutdown that started on Oct. 1, when funding was not agreed to for the new fiscal year.

2025-12-04 谢宇轩航空英-中

China's industrial output maintains steady growth in October

BEIJING, Nov. 14 (Xinhua) -- China's industrial output sustained steady expansion in October amid measures to boost the high-end, intelligent and green industrial development, official data showed on Friday. China's value-added industrial output expanded 4.9 percent year on year in October, according to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). In the first 10 months of this year, China's industrial output increased by 6.1 percent compared to the same period last year. The industrial output is used to measure the activity of large enterprises, each with an annual main business turnover of at least 20 million yuan (about 2.8 million U.S. dollars). A breakdown of the data showed that the manufacturing sector's value-added output increased by 4.9 percent year on year last month, while the mining sector's value-added output grew by 4.5 percent. The value-added output of the electricity, heat, gas, and water production and supply sectors rose by 5.4 percent. The relatively rapid growth in industrial output in October is an essential force in stabilizing the economy, said Fu Linghui, NBS spokesperson, at a press conference. Out of the 41 major industries, 29 reported increases in value-added output last month, Fu said, adding that the value-added output of equipment manufacturing rose 8 percent year on year, becoming an important force underpinning the entire industrial production. Fu noted that the high-end and digital transformation of China's industry is gaining steam in October, as the value-added output of high-tech manufacturing and digital product manufacturing rose 7.2 percent and 6.7 percent year on year, respectively. The spokesperson also highlighted the momentum in sound production for new energy products, noting that the output of lithium-ion batteries for automobiles and new energy vehicles increased by 30.4 percent and 19.3 percent, respectively.

2025-12-04 谢宇轩 CATTI练笔英-中