2023，河南如何答好建设农业强省必答题？

In 2023, how does Henan government solve the problem of building a strong agricultural province?

“在农业农村现代化上走在全国前列。”

"Henan leads the country in agricultural and rural modernization."

“在建设农业强国上展现更大河南担当、贡献更多河南力量。”

"And shows greater responsibility and contributes more to the building of an agricultural power."

2月13日，河南省委农村工作会议（下称会议）在郑州召开。

On Feb 13, Henan Provincial Committee of the Rural work Conference (hereinafter referred to as the conference) held in Zhengzhou.

会议明确提出建设农业强省的目标任务，并且聚焦重点任务，围绕全面推进乡村振兴抓大事、抓关键，推动今年“三农”工作再上新台阶，以今年目标任务的完成为长远目标的实现打好基础、创造条件。

The meeting clearly set out the goals and tasks of building a strong agricultural province, focused on key tasks, focused on the major and key issues of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, and pushed this year's work on agriculture, rural areas and farmers to a new level, laying a solid foundation and creating conditions for the realization of the long-term goals with the completion of this year's goals and tasks.

同一天，中央一号文件发布，农业强国建设，从今年开始，从一号文件开始。对于农业大省河南，以这场会议为起点，建设农业强省，河南也全力“开跑”！

On the same day, the central No. 1 document was released, Building an agricultural power, starting from this year, from No. 1 document. For Henan province, a big agricultural province, with this meeting as the starting point, to build a strong agricultural province, Henan also go all out.

值得注意的是，会议强调“找准推动乡村振兴的切入点、着力点、突破点”，以及明确今年全面推进乡村振兴要抓好粮食安全、乡村产业振兴等五件大事。

It is worth noting that the meeting stressed the importance of "identifying the entry point, focus and breakthrough point in promoting rural revitalization" and made it clear that we should focus on five major tasks, including food security and rural industry revitalization, in comprehensively promoting rural revitalization this year.

建设农业强省，河南的切入点、着力点、突破点是什么？2023，河南“三农”如何答好这五题？

What is the entry point, the focus point, the breakthrough point of Henan to build a strong agricultural province? 2023, Henan "agriculture, rural areas" how to answer these five questions?

“河南担当”

[Henan is responsible]

“推进农业强国建设，河南有责任、有基础、有能力，更要有担当、有行动、有作为。”

"To promote the construction of a strong agricultural country, Henan has the responsibility, foundation and ability, and must have responsibility, action and action."

河南省委书记楼阳生到省政协十三届一次会议农林组委员小组讨论时，“点题”扛稳建设农业强国的“河南担当”。

Henan Provincial Party Secretary Lou Yangsheng to the 13th session of the first session of the provincial CPPCC Agriculture and forestry committee panel discussion, "the point" to carry steady construction of the "Henan responsibility" of agricultural power.

扛稳三农担当，河南底气在哪？

Where is Henan's confidence in shouldering the responsibility of agriculture, rural areas and farmers?

底气在河南扛稳粮食安全重任。

Confidence is to shoulder the heavy responsibility of food security in Henan.

粮食生产是河南的优势和王牌，过去几年，“中原粮仓”持续擦亮粮食生产王牌，一方面，河南全年粮食总产量1357.87亿斤，居全国第二位，粮食产量连续6年稳定在1300亿斤以上；另一方面，河南每年调出原粮及制成品600亿斤左右，真正实现国人饭碗装满优质河南粮。

Grain production is Henan's advantage and ace card. In the past few years, "Central Plains Granery" has continuously polished the ace card of grain production. On the one hand, Henan's annual grain output is 135.787 billion jin, ranking the second place in China, and grain output has remained above 130 billion jin for six consecutive years. On the other hand, Henan transfers about 50 billion kilograms of raw grain and manufactured products every year, which truly fills the rice bowl of the people with high-quality Henan grain.

扛稳粮食“压舱石”重任的背后，是河南做好了两件大事：藏粮于技、藏粮于技，抓住、抓好了耕地和种子两个要害。

Behind the heavy task of carrying stable grain "ballast stone", Henan has done two important things: grain storage in technology, grain storage in technology, grasp and grasp the two key areas of arable land and seeds.

藏粮于技方面，河南着力打好种业翻身仗，规划建设“中原农谷”，成立神农种业实验室，积极推进国家生物育种产业创新中心、国家农机装备创新中心、周口国家农业高新技术产业示范区建设，河南三农的科技创新明显增强。

In terms of grain storage and technology, Henan has made great efforts to turn the seed industry around by planning the construction of "Central Plains Agricultural Valley", setting up Shennong Seed Industry Laboratory, and actively promoting the construction of National Biological breeding Industry Innovation Center, National Agricultural Machinery Equipment Innovation Center and Zhoukou National Agricultural high-tech Industry Demonstration Zone. The scientific and technological innovation of agriculture, agriculture and rural areas in Henan has been significantly enhanced.

藏粮于地方面，河南找准了大规模高标准农田建设的抓手。

In terms of grain storage, Henan has found a good way to build large-scale and high standard farmland.

去年，河南省新建高标准农田756万亩，同步发展高效节水灌溉面积285万亩，累计建成高标准农田8330万亩，高标准农田建设让越来越多的“望天田”变成“高产田”。

Last year, 7.56 million mu of high-standard farmland was newly built in Henan Province, and 2.85 million mu of high-efficient water-saving irrigation area was developed simultaneously, resulting in 83.3 million mu of high-standard farmland. The construction of high-standard farmland has turned more and more "Wangtian fields" into "high-yield fields".

底气还在河南乡村产业高质量发展。

Confidence is in Henan's rural industry high-quality development.

“农产品加工业成为全省两个万亿级产业之一。”

"The agricultural product processing industry has become one of the province's two trillion-level industries."

这个数据，充分显示了河南拓宽全产业链，构建现代乡村产业体系，推动农业迈向高质高效的成效。

This data fully shows that Henan has expanded the whole industrial chain, built a modern rural industrial system, and promoted agriculture towards high quality and high efficiency.

产业总量、规模的背后，则是河南推进乡村产业高质量发展方面，打造的完整生态圈。

Behind the total amount and scale of the industry is the complete ecosystem created by Henan in promoting the high-quality development of rural industries.

这种生态圈，包括围绕河南十大优势特色农产品全产业，培育、壮大的河南本土农业产业化龙头阵型企业，以及形成农民专业合作社和家庭农场跟进、小农户参与形成农业产业化联合体，强强联合形成特色鲜明的农业产业化龙头阵型企业集群等；

This ecosystem includes the cultivation and expansion of Henan's local agricultural industrialization leading formation enterprises centering on the whole industry of Henan's ten advantageous characteristic agricultural products, the formation of farmers' professional cooperatives and family farms, the participation of small farmers in the formation of agricultural industrialization consortium, and the combination of strong and strong to form a distinctive agricultural industrialization leading formation enterprise cluster.

这种生态圈，包括坚持全产业链思维，推动一二三产业融合发展，打造国家、省、市、县四级现代农业产业园体系，打造高起点、高标准的现代农业发展先行区，包括推动产业基础好、发展潜力大、集中连片的县区，培优优势特色产业集群等等，特别是，“一县一业、一镇一特、一村一品”乡村产业发展格局，已经成型、成势。

This ecosystem includes adhering to the whole industrial chain thinking, promoting the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries, creating a national, provincial, city and county level modern agricultural industrial park system, and creating a modern agricultural development pilot zone with a high starting point and high standards. It includes promoting contiguized counties and districts with good industrial foundation and great development potential, and cultivating industrial clusters with advantages and characteristics. The rural industrial development pattern of "one industry in one county, one special town and one product in one village" has taken shape.

底气还在河南乡村建设方面率先示范。

Confidence also took the lead in rural construction in Henan province.

这方面，河南通过高位推进、点面结合，抓优示范创建，以及重点引领，抓实“184”行动等，推动乡村建设率先启动、率先示范。

In this regard, Henan has taken the lead in promoting rural construction and taking the lead in demonstration through high-level promotion, combination of various aspects, demonstration of excellence, and key guidance, and implementation of the "184" action.

特别是，河南明确从2022年起，全省每年重点选择20个县、100个乡镇开展示范创建，集中优先支持示范县、示范乡镇创建，集中力量打造一批全省可看、可学、可复制的全省乡村建设样板的思路和做法，成为河南乡村建设破题的关键。

In particular, Henan has made it clear that starting from 2022, 20 counties and 100 towns and townships will be selected each year to carry out demonstration construction, giving priority to the establishment of demonstration counties and towns, and concentrating on the idea and practice of building a batch of provincial rural construction models that can be seen, learned from and copied by the whole province. This has become the key to breaking the problem in Henan's rural construction.

会议强调，“找准推动乡村振兴的切入点、着力点、突破点。”找准了“底气”，其实也就找准了“切入点、着力点、突破点”。

The meeting stressed the need to "identify the entry point, focus and breakthrough points for promoting rural revitalization." Find the "confidence", in fact, also find the "entry point, focus point, breakthrough point".

而这种成效，在河南省都有标杆和样本。

And this kind of effect, in Henan Province has the benchmark and the sample.

“切入点、着力点、突破点”

"Entry point, focus point, breakthrough point"

加快建设农业强省，河南的切入点、着力点和突破口是什么？

What is the entry point, focus point and breakthrough point of Henan to accelerate the construction of a strong province of agriculture?

河南几个标杆县域给出了完美回答。

Several benchmark counties in Henan gave perfect answers.

对于中原农谷来说，这个突破点是：做强农业“河南芯”。

For the central Plains agricultural valley, the breakthrough point is strengthening the agricultural "Henan core".

正在高标准建设的“中原农谷”，让河南抓稳了粮食稳产增产提供核心支撑。

The "Central Plains Agricultural Valley", which is being built to a high standard, has provided the core support for Henan to stabilize grain production and increase production.

作为农业的“芯片”，农作物种子选育为粮食稳产增产提供了核心支撑作用。河南是育种、繁种、用种、供种大省，但还不是种业强省。河南要建“中原农谷”，就是为了做强农业“河南芯”，把粮食“芯片”牢牢攥在自己手中。

As the "chip" of agriculture, crop seed breeding provides the core support for stable grain yield and increase. Henan is a big province of breeding, breeding, seed use and seed supply, but it is not a strong province of seed industry. Henan to build the "Central Plains Agricultural Valley", is to strengthen the agricultural "Henan core", the grain "chip" firmly in their own hands.

“南有航空港、北有中原农谷”，河南省委、省政府构建的发展格局中的这个定位，充分说明了“中原农谷”在现代化河南建设和乡村全面振兴全局中，关键程度之高、分量之重、政策之优。

"There is an airport in the south and a Central Plains Agricultural Valley in the north". This positioning in the development pattern constructed by Henan Provincial Party Committee and government fully demonstrates the high degree of importance, weight and superior policy of "Central Plains Agricultural Valley" in the overall situation of Henan's modernization construction and rural revitalization.

对于河南省商水县来说，这个切入口点是：高标准农田建设。

For Shangshui County in Henan Province, the entry point is high standard farmland construction.

近年来，商水县坚持“建设标准化、装备现代化、应用智能化、经营规模化、管护规范化”五化标准，投资1.5亿元，建成了5万亩全省第一、全国一流的高标准农田核心示范区，全县116.5万亩高标准农田，亩均增产220斤，农业增收2.56亿元，把更多“望天田”变成了“高产田”，为全省全国高标准农田建设打造了样板、作出了示范。

In recent years, Shangshui County adheres to the five standards of "construction standardization, equipment modernization, application intellectualization, scale operation, management and protection standardization", and invests 150 million yuan to build 50,000 mu of the province's first and national first-class high-grade farmland core demonstration zone. The county's 1,165 million mu high-grade farmland increases 220 jin per mu and agricultural income increases 256 million yuan. More "Wangtiantian fields" into "high-yield fields", for the province and the country's high standard farmland construction to create a model, made an example.

对于河南省清丰县来说，这个着力点是：特色产业体系打造上。

For Qingfeng County in Henan Province, the focus is: the construction of characteristic industrial system.

一方面，围绕发展食用菌、红薯、叶菜“红白绿”特色产业，清丰通过强基地、优品种、延链条、促效益，通过实施“党建+产业”工程，强力推动特色产业发展。

On the one hand, around the development of edible fungi, sweet potato, leaf vegetables "red, white and green" characteristic industry, Qingfeng through strong base, excellent varieties, extension chain, promote benefits, through the implementation of the "Party building + industry" project, strong promotion of characteristic industry development.

菌类方面，全县发展食用菌2000万平方米，规模化食用菌企业22家，产值35亿元，工厂化生产及装备智能化全国第一，成功创建省级食用菌现代农业产业园；

In terms of fungi, the county developed edible fungi of 20 million square meters, 22 large-scale edible fungi enterprises, the output value of 3.5 billion yuan, the factory production and intelligent equipment first in the country, the successful creation of provincial edible fungi modern agricultural industrial park;

另一方面，作为全国食品工业强县，清丰以“粮头食尾”“农头工尾”为抓手，围绕食用菌、红薯、养殖等产业，积极推进农业规模化经营，促进农产品精深加工集群化发展。

On the other hand, as a strong county in the national food industry, Qingfeng takes "grain first, food last", "farm first, work last" as the starting point, focuses on edible fungi, sweet potato, breeding and other industries, actively promotes agricultural large-scale operation, and promotes the intensive processing of agricultural products.

作为清丰县食品产业主载体，清丰县先进制造业开发区累计入驻食品企业49家，产业集聚效应凸显；形成食用菌规模化种植集群、食用菌工厂化生产集群、食用菌加工三大产业集群，先后培育建成“丰”字号工厂化生产企业14家，占到河南省工厂化食用菌数量的50%，集聚了全国所有工厂化生产品种，工厂化年产鲜菇10万吨，工厂化生产及装备智能化全国县域第一。

As the main carrier of the food industry in Qingfeng County, there are 49 food enterprises settled in Qingfeng Advanced Manufacturing Development Zone, and the industrial agglomeration effect is prominent. It has formed three industrial clusters: large-scale planting cluster of edible fungi, industrial production cluster of edible fungi, and processing of edible fungi. It has cultivated and built 14 factory production enterprises with the brand "Feng", accounting for 50% of the quantity of industrial edible fungi in Henan Province, gathering all the industrial production varieties in China, with an annual output of 100,000 tons of fresh mushrooms in the factory. The factory production and intelligent equipment is the first county in China.

对于河南省栾川县来说，这个主抓手则是乡村建设。

For Luanchuan County in Henan province, the main focus is rural construction.

2022年以来，栾川县深入贯彻落实省委省政府部署要求和全省乡村建设工作推进会议精神，坚持运营前置、系统布局，以争创河南省乡村建设示范县为引领，统筹推进乡村建设“184”行动，着力建设宜居宜业和美乡村。

Since 2022, Luanchuan County has thoroughly implemented the deployment requirements of the provincial Party Committee and the provincial government and the spirit of the provincial rural construction promotion conference, adhered to the pre-operational and systematic layout, and coordinated the "184" rural construction action to build a livable, workable and beautiful countryside with the lead of striving to become a demonstration county in rural construction of Henan Province.

对于栾川来说，在乡村建设中，破解了两个难题。

For Luanchuan, in rural construction, cracked two problems.

第一个难题：“建什么”、“怎么建”、“谁来建”的问题，栾川的解法是“三个一体”：政府、社会一体动员、规划、建设一体谋划、政策、要素一体保障；

The first problem: "what to build", "how to build", "who to build", Luanchuan's solution is "three in one" : government and society integrated mobilization, planning, construction planning, policy, elements integrated protection;

第二个难题：如何聚焦乡村发展需求抓建设，栾川的解法是立足县域实际和生态禀赋，突出交旅融合、医养结合，持续探索打通“绿水青山就是金山银山”的转换通道。

The second problem: how to focus on rural development needs and construction, Luanchuan's solution is based on the county reality and ecological endowment, highlighting the integration of transport and tourism, medical care, continue to explore the conversion channel of "clear waters and lush mountains are gold and silver mountains".

底气有了，切入点有了，2023，河南三农应该抓哪些哪些大事、关键？

With confidence and entry point, in 2023, what events and keys should Henan focus on?

“答好五道题”

"Solve five Problems"

抓大事、抓关键！

Focus on events and keys!

会议明确了今年全面推进乡村振兴的五大重点任务：

The meeting identified five key tasks for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization this year:

“抓好粮食安全这个头等大事”“抓好乡村产业振兴”“抓好脱贫攻坚成果巩固拓展”“抓好宜居宜业和美乡村建设”“抓好乡村现代治理水平提升”。

"We will ensure food security as the top priority", "revitalize rural industries", "consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation", "build livable, working and beautiful rural areas", and "improve the level of modern rural governance".

2023，河南三农如何答好这五题？老杨一题题拆解。

2023, Henan agriculture, rural how to answer these five questions? Lao Yang broke down a question.

第一题，“抓好粮食安全这个头等大事”。

First, "Food security is the top priority".

答好这道题，还是要抓好耕地和种子两个要害，加快中原农谷建设，打造更多农业“河南芯”，持续推进高标准农田建设，打造更多“高产田”。

To answer this question well, we should focus on the two key points of arable land and seeds, speed up the construction of agricultural valleys in the Central Plains, create more agricultural "Henan core", continue to promote the construction of high-standard farmland, and create more "high-yield farmland".

第二题，抓好乡村产业振兴。

Second, focus on the revitalization of rural industries.

答好这道题，要持续推进乡村产业高质量发展，这需要河南更加强调乡村产业的新产业、新业态，包括突出乡村产业数字化、突出产业标准化、集群化导向，以及强化园区载体平台、农业产业全链条式发展、农业一二三产深度融合发展的导向。

To answer this question well, in order to continue to promote the high-quality development of rural industries, Henan needs to put more emphasis on the new industries and new business forms of rural industries, including highlighting the digitalization, standardization and clustering orientation of rural industries, and strengthening the carrier platform of the park, the whole-chain development of agricultural industry, and the in-depth integration of the development of agricultural, primary, secondary and tertiary industries.

第三题，抓好脱贫攻坚成果巩固拓展。

Third, consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation.

答好这道题，需要河南更加强调共富导向，要以农民共富为乡村振兴最终检验标准，强调以各种机制制度创新，来推动农民共富要取得突破性进展。

To answer this question well, Henan needs to put more emphasis on the orientation of common prosperity, take common prosperity of farmers as the final test standard of rural revitalization, and emphasize the innovation of various mechanisms and institutions to promote common prosperity of farmers and achieve breakthrough progress.

第四题，“抓好宜居宜业和美乡村建设”。

The fourth question, "We should build a better living and working environment and a beautiful countryside".

答好这道题，需要河南在乡村建设要更加突出产业导向，需要做好在城乡一体化发展大视野下，乡村振兴的整体“图谱”，需要与设计河南更紧密地结合起来，以及需要更加突出“数字”的导向，推动乡村建设数实融合。

A good answer to this question requires Henan to focus more on industry orientation in rural construction, to combine the overall "map" of rural revitalization more closely with the design of Henan in the broad vision of urban-rural integration development, and to highlight the "digital" orientation to promote the integration of numbers and reality in rural construction.

第五题，“抓好乡村现代治理水平提升”。

Fifth, "Grasping the improvement of rural modern governance level".

答好这道题，需要河南转变社会治理理念，创新社会治理方式， 加强人才队伍建设，夯实治理现代化基础，以及培育多元治理主体，提高基层治理参与度。

To answer this question, Henan needs to change the concept of social governance, innovate the way of social governance, strengthen the construction of talent team, consolidate the foundation of modern governance, cultivate multiple governance subjects, and increase the participation of grassroots governance.

四点建议

Four Suggestions

会议提出抓好“五道题”这些大事之外，结合刚刚发布的一号文件，老杨也想为2023年河南农业强省建设提几点建议：

The meeting proposed to focus on the "five questions" these major events, combined with the just released document No. 1, Lao Yang also wants to put forward several suggestions for the construction of Henan agricultural strong province in 2023:

第一，更加突出三农发展理念的革新。

First, we should give more prominence to the innovation of the concept of development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.

河南三农想要高质量发展，首先要先有高质量的农业发展的理念，如何找到抓手，把“用工业的理念发展农业”，把用项目、平台的思维，来发展农业，落到实处，这将是河南三农理念的一次重大革新，也是河南建设农业强省的关键所在。

If Henan, agriculture, rural areas and farmers want high quality development, they must first have the concept of high quality agricultural development. How to find the starting point, "develop agriculture with the idea of industry", and develop agriculture with the thinking of projects and platforms, and put it into practice will be a major innovation of Henan's concept of agriculture, rural areas and agriculture, and also the key to build Henan into a strong agricultural province.

第二，更加强调乡村产业的新产业、新业态培育打造。

Second, more emphasis should be placed on the cultivation and creation of new industries and new business forms in rural industries.

这就需要河南强调包括突出乡村产业数字化、突出产业标准化、集群化导向，以及强化园区载体平台、农业产业全链条式发展、农业一二三产深度融合发展的导向等，不断延长产业链、提升价值链、提高附加值，推动乡村产业全链条、融合式、集群化发展。

This requires Henan to emphasize the digitization, standardization and clustering of rural industries, and strengthen the carrier platform of the park, the whole-chain development of agricultural industry, and the deep integration of the development of agricultural primary, secondary and tertiary industries, so as to continuously extend the industrial chain, enhance the value chain, improve the added value, and promote the whole-chain, integrated and clustered development of rural industries.

第三，进一步推动县域经济高质量发展。

Third, further promote the county economic development of high quality.

今年一号文件，强调培育壮大县域富民产业。这就需要河南加大对县域产业支持力度，进一步推动县域构建现代产业体系，优化产业生态、搭建产业平台、培育产业项目、壮大产业主体、打造产业集群等，加速推进产业基础的高级化，产业链的完整化，供应链的现代化，价值链的延伸化、增值化、高端化。

The first document of this year emphasizes the cultivation and expansion of the county rich industry. Therefore, Henan needs to strengthen its support for county industries, further promote the construction of modern industrial system in county areas, optimize industrial ecology, build industrial platforms, cultivate industrial projects, strengthen industrial bodies, build industrial clusters, etc., and accelerate the promotion of high-level industrial base, complete industrial chain, modernization of supply chain, extension, value-added and high-end of value chain.

第四，乡村建设需要更加系统、全域的“图谱”。

Fourth, rural construction needs a more systematic and comprehensive "map".

乡村振兴是系统工程，就体现在，乡村振兴需要在顶层设计上有整体观念和全域视角，在局部规划上有独创精神和品牌意识，在要素配置和资源整合要注重统筹把握，增强集约效应。

Rural vitalization is a systematic project, which is reflected in the fact that it requires a holistic concept and a holistic perspective in top-level design, originality and brand awareness in local planning, and overall control in element allocation and resource integration to enhance the intensive effect.

工业上，讲究一张蓝图绘到底，产业链式思维，其实乡村振兴中，同样如此，乡村建设是乡村振兴的一部分，做好乡村建设的规划，其实背后需要的是做好在城乡一体化发展大视野下，乡村振兴的整体“图谱”，而且要做到四个结合：新旧结合、局部和整体结合、单元和系统结合以及近期和远期的结合。

In industry, we should draw a blueprint to the end and think of industrial chain. In fact, the same is true in rural revitalization. Rural construction is a part of rural revitalization. The combination of the old and the new, the combination of the local and the whole, the combination of the unit and the system, and the combination of the recent and the long-term.

作者：中国产业集聚研究专家、三农学者 杨建国

Author: Yang Jianguo, an expert on industrial agglomeration in China and a scholar on agriculture, rural areas and farmers