建设平安中国 检察机关不断提升法律监督质效
Building a Safe China: Procuratorial Organs Continuously Enhance the Quality and Effectiveness of Legal Supervision
到2021年底，“司法工作人员职务犯罪侦查百日攻坚”行动收官。行动期间，全国检察机关加大力度，共立案侦查司法工作人员相关职务犯罪案件999件1285人，同比分别上升28.6%和24.5%，其中查处涉嫌徇私舞弊减刑、假释、暂予监外执行犯罪案件人数是2020年同期的4.26倍。
By the end of 2021, the "100-day assault on the investigation of crimes committed by judicial personnel" campaign will be completed. During the operation, procuratorial organs across the country stepped up their efforts to file 999 cases of job-related crimes committed by judicial personnel and 1,285 people, marking year-on-year increases of 28.6% and 24.5%, respectively. Notably, the number of cases investigated for suspected favoritism, sentence commutation, parole, and temporary release for medical treatment was 4.26 times higher than during the same period in 2020.
磨砺法律监督之剑，是检察机关不断满足人民群众法治新期待新要求的迫切需要。2021年，党中央专门印发《中共中央关于加强新时代检察机关法律监督工作的意见》，其作为当前和今后一个时期加强检察工作的纲领性文件，引领着检察机关法律监督工作大步向前、不断迈上新台阶。
Sharpening the sword of legal supervision is an urgent necessity for procuratorial organs to continuously meet the people’s evolving expectations and demands for the rule of law. In 2021, the CPC Central Committee issued the *Opinions on Strengthening the Legal Supervision Work of Procuratorial Organs in the New Era. As a programmatic document for strengthening procuratorial work at present and in the coming period, it leads the legal supervision of procuratorial organs to stride forward and step to a new level.
利剑出鞘，守护社会和谐安宁
The sword is drawn out to protect social harmony and peace.
最高检驻中国证监会检察室成立不久，充分发挥“驻”的优势，最高检联合中国证监会、公安部开展打击证券违法犯罪专项执法行动，集中查办19起重大典型案件；新型开设赌场犯罪呈高发态势，对涉境外、犯罪集团、跨地区办理的重点案件，全国检察机关发挥检察一体化优势，将涉及16个省级地区的14起开设赌场系列案件挂牌督办；除了对侵害未成年人犯罪坚持“零容忍”态度，最高检还决定自2021年6月1日起在涉未成年人案件办理中全面推行“督促监护令”，并会同有关部门全面开展家庭教育指导工作……
Shortly after establishing its Procuratorial Office within the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC), the Supreme People’s Procuratorate leveraged the advantages of this stationing. The Supreme People's Procuratorate, in conjunction with China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Public Security, launched special law enforcement actions to crack down on securities crimes, focusing on investigating 19 major typical cases. The crime of opening new casinos is on the rise. For key cases involving overseas, criminal groups and cross-regional handling, the national procuratorial organs will give full play to the advantages of procuratorial integration and supervise the handling of 14 casino series cases involving 16 provincial regions. In addition to adhering to the "zero tolerance" attitude towards crimes against minors, the Supreme People's Procuratorate also decided to fully implement the "Supervision and Guardianship Order" in handling cases involving minors from June 1, 2021, alongside launching comprehensive family education guidance in cooperation with relevant departments.
充分发挥法律监督职能作用，检察机关聚焦影响国家安全、社会安定、人民安宁的突出问题，推动建设更高水平的平安中国。
Give full play to the role of legal supervision, procuratorial organs focus on outstanding issues affecting national security, social stability and people's peace, and promote the construction of a higher level of safe China.
近年来，随着我国寄递行业的快速发展，利用寄递渠道实施贩运毒品等违法犯罪呈现上升态势。2021年10月20日，最高检向国家邮政局发出了“七号检察建议”，同时抄送交通运输部、商务部等12个有关部门，推动强化安全监管，堵塞管理漏洞，促进寄递行业健康持续发展。
In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s delivery industry, the use of delivery channels for drug trafficking and other illegal activities has been on the rise. On October 20, 2021, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate issued the "Procuratorial Proposal No. 7" to the State Post Bureau, with copies sent to 12 relevant departments, including the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Commerce. This proposal aims to strengthen safety supervision, close management loopholes, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the delivery industry.
检察建议是法律监督中积极延伸司法办案效果的一手“妙棋”。“四号检察建议”保障的是群众“脚底下的安全”，检察机关推动建立健全行政执法与刑事司法相衔接机制，强化立案监督，涉窨井盖刑事犯罪打击力度明显加大。为落实“六号检察建议”，检察机关会同有关部门打击整治网络黑灰产业链，深入推进“断卡”专项行动，加大对职业“贩卡”和行业“内鬼”的惩治力度，重点打击向老年人、在校学生等特殊群体非法收购手机卡、银行卡的行为。
Procuratorial suggestions are a "wonderful move" to actively extend the effect of judicial handling in legal supervision. The "No.4 Procuratorial Proposal" guarantees the "safety under the feet" of the masses. Procuratorial organs have promoted the establishment and improvement of a linking mechanism between administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, strengthened the supervision of filing cases, and significantly stepped up the crackdown on criminal crimes involving manhole covers. In order to implement the "Procuratorial Recommendation No. 6", the procuratorial authorities, together with the relevant departments, have cracked down on the network black and gray industry chain, pushed forward the "card-breaking" special action, and intensified the punishment of professional "card traffickers" and "industry insiders" and focused on cracking down on the illegal purchase of mobile phone cards and bank cards from special groups such as the elderly and school students.
当宽则宽、当严则严、宽严相济。不久前，最高检发布首批5起检察机关贯彻“少捕慎诉慎押”刑事司法政策典型案例，教育引导犯罪嫌疑人认罪认罚、悔过自新。近年来，随着“少捕慎诉慎押”司法理念日益发挥指导作用，其在刑事办案实践中收到了积极效果，对促进社会和谐稳定、强化人权司法保障、节约执法司法资源等都具有重要意义。
When leniency is needed, leniency is needed, and leniency and severity are mutually reinforcing.Not long ago, the Supreme Prosecutor's Office issued the first five typical cases of procuratorial organs implementing the criminal justice policy of "arresting, prosecuting, and detaining with caution," educating and guiding criminal suspects to plead guilty to penalties and to repent and turn over a new leaf. In recent years, with the judicial concept of "less arrest, careful prosecution and careful custody" playing a guiding role day by day, it has received positive effects in criminal case handling practice, which is of great significance in promoting social harmony and stability, strengthening judicial protection of human rights, and saving judicial resources for law enforcement.
监督发力，聚焦群众急难愁盼
Supervision strengthens its efforts, focusing on the urgent needs and pressing concerns of the public.
瓯江是浙江第二大河流，但在流经浙江温州鹿城区庄岩村时，岸线上却有一处地方因生活垃圾随意堆放、露天焚烧、工业垃圾偷倒、建筑渣土偷倒入江等问题，严重污染瓯江流域环境。对此，鹿城区人民检察院聚焦固废污染顽疾，对行政机关移送的公益损害民事线索全面审查，对共同违法者提起民事公益诉讼。同时，对相关怠于履行固废监管职责情形，检察机关还通过诉前检察建议、圆桌会议、公开听证，督促有关行政机关依法、完全履职。
Oujiang River is the second largest river in Zhejiang Province, but when it flows through Zhuangyan Village, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, there is a place on the coastline that seriously pollutes the environment of Oujiang River Basin due to problems such as random stacking of domestic waste, open burning, stealing of industrial waste and stealing of construction waste into the river. In response, Lucheng District People's Procuratorate focused on the persistent problem of solid waste pollution, comprehensively reviewed the civil clues of public welfare damage transferred by administrative organs, and filed civil public welfare litigation against joint violators. At the same time, the relevant negligent fulfillment of solid waste regulatory duties, the procuratorial organs also through the pre-litigation procuratorial recommendations, round tables, public hearings, urging the relevant administrative organs in accordance with the law, fully perform their duties.
2021年9月，这起案例入选为最高检发布的“公益诉讼守护美好生活”专项监督活动典型案例。从保护饮用水源到治理固废问题，从整治农用物资废弃物污染到守卫“舌尖上的安全”，这项自2020年7月起开展的为期三年的专项监督活动，为人民美好生活不断贡献着公益检察力量。
In September 2021, this case was selected as a representative example in the Supreme People’s Procuratorate's special supervision campaign, "Public Interest Litigation to Safeguard a Better Life." Covering areas from protecting drinking water sources to managing solid waste, addressing pollution from agricultural materials and waste, and ensuring food safety, this three-year special supervision campaign, launched in July 2020, has consistently contributed public welfare prosecutorial efforts to enhance the quality of life for the people.
人民群众的急难愁盼是法律监督需要集中发力的关键点。
The people's urgent difficulties and worries are the key points for legal supervision to focus on.
保障劳动者及时拿到足额工资，是关系基本民生的大事。全国检察机关充分履行法律监督职能，依法惩治拒不支付劳动报酬犯罪，维护劳动者合法权益。2021年1至11月，全国检察机关共受理审查起诉拒不支付劳动报酬犯罪案件2813件3243人，同比分别上升12.3%和12%，通过办案追缴欠薪约1.68亿元。
Ensuring that workers receive their full wages on time is a crucial issue concerning basic livelihoods. Procuratorial organs nationwide actively fulfill their legal supervisory role, prosecuting wage arrears crimes in accordance with the law to protect workers' legitimate rights and interests. From January to November 2021, procuratorial organs across the country handled 2,813 wage arrears cases involving 3,243 individuals, marking year-on-year increases of 12.3% and 12%, respectively. Through these cases, approximately 168 million yuan in back wages was recovered.
解决行政案件“程序空转”等群众反映强烈的问题，必须加强行政检察监督，促进案结事了政和。2021年9月1日，修订后的《人民检察院行政诉讼监督规则》正式实施，将精准监督、“穿透式”监督等理念要求贯穿其中，积极回应人民群众对行政检察工作的新需求，依法保障当事人申请监督的权利。
To address issues strongly raised by the public, such as “procedural deadlock” in administrative cases, it is essential to strengthen administrative procuratorial supervision and promote the effective resolution of cases. On September 1, 2021, the revised *Administrative Litigation Supervision Rules of the People’s Procuratorate* were formally implemented, embedding principles of precise and “penetrative” supervision throughout. This revision actively responds to the public’s new expectations for administrative procuratorial work and safeguards parties’ rights to request supervision in accordance with the law.
长期以来，检察机关通过民事支持起诉制度，为寻求诉讼救济的特殊群体提供无偿法律帮助。2021年1至9月，全国检察机关受理民事支持起诉案件41966件，同比上升87.9%，有力保障了特殊群体合法权益，彰显了我国司法制度优势和人文关怀，促进实现了实质意义上的诉权平等。
Revised translation:For a long time, procuratorial organs have provided free legal assistance to vulnerable groups seeking judicial relief through the civil support prosecution system. From January to September 2021, procuratorial organs nationwide handled 41,966 civil support cases, an 87.9% increase year-on-year. This has effectively protected the legitimate rights and interests of vulnerable groups, showcased the strengths and humanistic care of China’s judicial system, and advanced the realization of substantive equality in litigation rights.
结合党史学习教育和政法队伍教育整顿，检察机关深入开展“检察为民办实事”实践活动，最高检研究确定39项为民、便民、利民、惠民的重点任务，以实际行动践行以人民为中心的司法理念。
In conjunction with the Party history education campaign and the education and rectification of political and legal teams, procuratorial organs have actively implemented the "Procuratorial Work for the People" initiative. The Supreme People's Procuratorate has outlined 39 key tasks aimed at serving, facilitating, benefiting, and supporting the public, putting the people-centered judicial philosophy into action through practical measures.
提高实效，把牢司法公正防线
To Improve Effectiveness and Firmly Defend Judicial Justice
司法是维护社会公平正义的最后一道防线，努力让人民群众在每一个司法案件中感受到公平正义，是检察工作永恒不变的价值追求。
The judiciary is the last line of defense in upholding social fairness and justice. Ensuring that the people experience fairness and justice in every judicial case is the enduring value and mission of procuratorial work.
让监督更实——
Making Supervision More Effective
如何杜绝“纸面服刑”“提钱出狱”等群众反映强烈的突出问题？巡回检察正是斩除违法违规“减假暂”顽瘴痼疾的一柄利剑。自2018年5月最高检部署开展监狱巡回检察改革试点，到2021年12月最高检印发《人民检察院巡回检察工作规定》，如今的监狱、看守所巡回检察工作迈入了规范化、高质量发展的轨道。
How can we put an end to major issues strongly raised by the public, such as “serving a sentence on paper” and “paying for early release”? Tour inspections serve as a sharp sword to eliminate the persistent problem of illegal sentence reductions, parole, and temporary releases. Since the Supreme People’s Procuratorate launched the pilot reform of itinerant procuratorial work in prisons in May 2018, and with the issuance of the *Regulations on Itinerant Procuratorial Work* in December 2021, itinerant procuratorial work in prisons and detention centers has now entered a path of standardized and high-quality development.
据统计，截至2021年10月，全国检察机关共开展监狱巡回检察3856次，通过常规、专门、机动和交叉巡回检察以及“回头看”，共发现监狱问题30253个，发现职务犯罪案件线索682个，发现派驻检察存在的问题1062个，“大墙内的公平正义”得到更好维护。
According to statistics, as of October 2021, procuratorial organs nationwide had conducted 3,856 prison tour inspections. Through routine, specialized, mobile, and cross-regional inspections, as well as follow-up reviews, a total of 30,253 prison-related issues were identified, along with 682 leads on job-related crimes and 1,062 issues within procuratorial work. "Fairness and justice within the prison walls" have been better safeguarded.
让监督更准——
Making Supervision More Precise-
检察机关通过对相关数据的对比分析，发现相关人员利用刑罚执行与强制隔离戒毒执行衔接漏洞逃避戒毒等犯罪线索，立案侦查7人，追回逃避戒毒的人员60余名。把大数据挖掘应用融入办案，如今已成为撬动法律监督质效提升的有力杠杆。
Through comparative data analysis, procuratorial organs identified that certain individuals exploited loopholes between criminal sentencing and compulsory isolation for drug rehabilitation to evade rehabilitation. This led to the investigation of 7 cases and the retrieval of over 60 individuals who had evaded drug rehabilitation. Integrating big data mining into case handling has now become a powerful lever for enhancing the quality and efficiency of legal supervision.
2021年，检察业务应用系统2.0在全国检察机关全面部署应用，不仅通过提供更多、更精准的办案辅助让检察官“眼明手快”，而且进一步打破“数据壁垒”，实现与政法平台、行政执法平台对接，通过办理过程的网上“留痕”，加强了对执法司法工作的监督。
In 2021, the Procuratorial Business Application System 2.0 was fully deployed in procuratorial organs nationwide. This system not only enhanced prosecutors’ efficiency by offering more comprehensive and precise case-handling support, but also broke down "data barriers," enabling integration with political, legal, and administrative law enforcement platforms. By "leaving digital traces" throughout the case-handling process, it strengthened oversight of law enforcement and judicial activities.
让监督更透明——
Enhancing Transparency in Supervision
对重大争议或影响性案件，检察机关创新以听证形式公开审查，坚持“应听证尽听证”，让当事人把事说清、听证员把理辨明、检察官把法讲透，以看得见、听得懂的方式，既解“法结”又解“心结”。
For major disputes or influential cases, procuratorial organs have introduced public examinations in the form of hearings, adhering to the principle that “all cases eligible for hearings should be heard.” This approach allows parties to clearly explain their perspectives, hearing staff to clarify the reasoning, and prosecutors to thoroughly explain the law, effectively resolving both the "legal knots" and the "emotional knots" in a transparent and understandable way.
检察听证，以公开促公正赢公信。2020年至2021年4月，全国四级检察院共对4.5万件存在争议、有重大社会影响的案件组织了听证会。截至2021年6月，全国97%的市级院和基层院都已经组织召开了检察听证会，北京、天津、上海、安徽、福建等21个省份实现了检察听证工作三级院全覆盖。
Procuratorial hearings promote justice and build public trust. From 2020 to April 2021, procuratorates at all four levels nationwide organized hearings on 45,000 controversial cases with significant social impact. By June 2021, 97% of municipal and grassroots procuratorates across the country had held procuratorial hearings, and 21 provinces, including Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Anhui, and Fujian, had achieved full coverage of procuratorial hearings across all three levels.
如今，检察机关以高度政治自觉、法治自觉、检察自觉，依法履行刑事、民事、行政和公益诉讼等检察职能，以更有力的法律监督，助力书写法治中国新篇章。
Today, procuratorial organs fulfill their functions in criminal, civil, administrative, and public interest litigation with a strong sense of political, legal, and prosecutorial responsibility, providing more robust legal supervision to help write a new chapter in building a law-governed China.
《 人民日报 》（ 2022年01月14日 06 版）
"People's Daily" (January 14, 2022, 06 Edition)
