More College Students Are Choosing to Stop Drinking. Their Campuses Are Still Catching Up.

越来越多的大学生开始戒酒。他们的校园还在迎头赶上。

It was almost midnight on St. Patrick’s Day at the University of Michigan, and the party was in full swing. Inside, college students were stumbling and falling to the ground as the Killers’ “Mr. Brightside” pulsated through the room. A line ran out the door, filled with eager faces looking for a good time.

密歇根大学圣帕特里克节的午夜时分，派对如火如荼地进行着。大学生们跌跌撞撞，倒在地上，杀手乐队在房间里蹦跳着。门外排起了长队，挤满了人，一张张面孔渴望着寻欢作乐。

No, this wasn’t a fraternity mixer. This was Sober Skate.

这不是联谊会。这是“无酒精滑板”。

And people weren’t falling onto a sticky wood floor, but a skating rink at the Yost Ice Arena. The event was so popular that within the first 30 minutes, the rental desk had already leased 300 of its 350 pairs of skates. The 45 large pizzas that organizers ordered were gone in an hour, as were the cases of Faygo and Diet Coke.

人们不是倒在黏糊糊的木地板上，而是约斯特冰场的溜冰场上。这项活动大受欢迎，刚开始30分钟，租赁服务台已经租赁了350双溜冰鞋中的300双。组织者订购的45个大披萨在一个小时内就卖光了，费戈气泡水和健怡可乐也是如此。

Each year around St. Patrick’s Day, Sober Skate — co-hosted by Michigan’s Collegiate Recovery Program and the Washtenaw Recovery Advocacy Project — offers local college students and community members a dry alternative to the holiday’s liquor-soaked festivities. Not all attendees identify as sober, but they’ve all chosen to abstain from alcohol on one of the highest-risk drinking nights of the year.

每年圣帕特里克节前后，由密歇根大学康复计划和华盛顿康复倡导项目共同主办的“无酒精滑板”为当地大学生和社区成员提供了一种替代节日酒精浸泡着庆祝活动的另一种选择。并非所有与会者都觉得自己清醒，但他们都选择在一年中最有可能饮酒的夜晚之一戒酒。

“Hundreds of people come out,” said Matthew Statman, manager of the recovery program, which supports students healing from substance-use issues. “And most of them are just young people who are not interested in drinking green beer.”

这一康复项目支持学生摆脱酗酒，项目经理马修·斯塔特曼说：“许多人都出来了，其中有很多年轻人，对喝生啤不感兴趣。”

This year’s Sober Skate was the most popular yet. Statman said he is always surprised by how many students “come out of the woodwork” to attend the program’s substance-free events.

在今年，迄今为止，清醒滑冰最受欢迎。斯塔特曼说，有这么多学生 "爬出阴暗角落"，参加该计划的无酒活动。

“They’re everywhere,” Statman said. “Most students are not using substances heavily or frequently, but they’re just in the libraries and in the dorms. And you wouldn’t see them otherwise.”

“他们无处不在，”斯塔特曼说，“大多数学生并没有大量频繁地喝酒，但他们要么在图书馆里，要么在宿舍里。否则你就不会看到他们了。”

For as long as the modern campus has existed — as long as films like Animal House and She’s the Man have primed expectations for campus life — administrators have tried to curb dangerous drinking. While students’ participation in drinking has fallen in the past 40 years, high-risk binge drinking has remained a stubborn problem.

只要现代校园存在，只要像《动物屋》和《足球尤物》这样的电影还对校园生活抱有期待，管理人员就一直致力于遏制酗酒行为。尽管在过去40年里，喝酒的学生越来越少，但高风险的酗酒行为仍然是一个棘手的问题。

Yet recently, there’s been a shift in many students’ attitudes toward drinking. Instead of seeing alcohol as a fact of college life, more students are questioning its presence in their lives. Many are deciding they don’t want it to be in their lives — or at least not as much.

然而最近，许多学生对饮酒的态度发生了转变。越来越多的学生不再认为酒精是大学生活中的一部分，而是质疑酒精在他们生活中的存在。许多人不想酒精出现在他们的生活中，或者至少出现频率不要太高。

Drinking remains widespread on campuses, and other substances are only becoming more popular. Still, students who choose sobriety are facing less social shame and judgment than in years past.

饮酒在校园里仍然很普遍，其他酒类饮料也越来越受欢迎。尽管如此，选择戒酒的学生与过去几年相比，面临着更少的社会羞耻和评判。

That’s great news for administrators who have long worked toward this end. But now they must figure out how to help students lead fulfilling social lives without alcohol — a substance which, like it or not, is entangled with many colleges’ bottom lines.

对于为此长期努力的管理员来说，这是一个好消息。但是现在他们必须想出如何帮助学生在没有酒精的情况下过上充实的社交生活。在许多大学，酒精就是底线。

The sober movement’s roots formed long ago. It might not feel like it, but student drinking has been on a downward turn for the last four decades.

清醒运动很早之前就有源头。你可能感觉不到，但在过去的四十年里，学生的喝酒量不断下降。

In 1981, 82 percent of students reported drinking in the previous 30 days. In 2021, that figure was less than 60 percent. The data come from the National Institute on Drug Abuse’s Monitoring the Future survey, which experts say is a reliable measure of students’ alcohol consumption. Students’ participation in drinking trended downward until about 1997 and has continued to decline slightly since then.

1981年，在过去一个月里喝过酒的学生有82%。2021年，这一数字不到60%。这些数据来自国家研究所的监测未来调查，专家称这是一个可靠的学生饮酒量的衡量标准。直到1997年左右，学生饮酒的人数一直呈下降趋势，此后一直略有下降。

About 44 percent of students in 1981 self-reported binge drinking in the previous two weeks, according to the survey. In 2020, when many college students were home because of the pandemic, the binge-drinking rate fell to 24 percent, but it bounced back to 30 percent in 2021. Binge drinking is defined as having five or more drinks in one sitting.

调查显示，1981年，学生自报在过去两周内酗酒占44%。2020年，许多大学生因为疫情而在家，酗酒率下降到24%，但在2021年反弹到30%。酗酒的定义是一口气喝五杯或更多。

Duncan B. Clark, a psychiatry professor at the University of Pittsburgh and an expert on adolescent substance use, said there was a significant drop in alcohol use in the 1980s after Congress made 21 the minimum drinking age. Since then, “a lot of the rates have been fairly stable,” he said.

匹兹堡大学精神病学教授、青少年酗酒专家邓肯·B·克拉克说，在20世纪80年代国会将21岁定为最低饮酒年龄后，饮酒量显著下降。他说，自那以后，许多数据一直相当稳定。

The data, though, don’t tell the full story about campus culture. Alcohol has vexed college administrators, even as drinking rates have declined. In the 1980s and 1990s, The Chronicle reported on spates of alcohol-related student deaths, efforts to reform fraternity drinking culture, and the difficulties of establishing sound alcohol policies. We’re still writing about those topics.

然而，这些数据并不能全面反映校园饮酒文化。尽管饮酒率已经下降，但酒精一直困扰着大学管理人员。在20世纪80年代和90年代，《纪事报》报道了大量与酒精有关的学生死亡事件，试图改革联谊会饮酒文化，讲述了建立健全酒精政策的困难。我们仍然在写这些话题。

“Seven years after most states increased the legal drinking age to 21, college officials are still wrestling with how to respond,” The Chronicle declared in 1990. “Some are trying to stamp out underage drinking on their campuses, while others say a more realistic approach is to acknowledge that students use alcohol and to encourage them not to abuse it.”

《纪事报》在1990年说：“7年前，多数州将法定饮酒年龄提高到21岁，时至今日大学负责人员仍在纠结如何应对。一些学校正尝试在校园里杜绝未成年人饮酒，而另一些学校则认为，更现实的做法是允许学生饮酒，但是鼓励他们不要酗酒。”

Over the past 40 years, colleges have poured millions of dollars into alcohol-education programs, health-promotion centers, and collegiate-recovery communities. They’ve invested time and money into hiring staff to oversee these efforts.

在过去的40年里，大学已经向酒精教育项目、健康促进中心和大学康复社区投入了数百万美元，还投入时间和金钱雇佣员工来监督工作。

These interventions have worked to an extent. Recovery programs continue to pop up all over the country to support students healing from substance-use issues. At the same time, alcohol-education programs are a mixed bag, with the benefits wearing off over time.

这些干预措施在一定程度上发挥了作用。全国各地不断涌现出康复计划，帮助学生从酗酒问题中康复。与此同时，酒精教育项目好坏参半，随着时间的推移，效果逐渐消失。

And while binge-drinking behavior has slowed, it remains a major concern of college leaders, who fear that students will die from alcohol poisoning. Each death brings renewed calls for institutions to crack down on alcohol culture and hold the groups that cultivate it accountable.

虽然酗酒行为已得到缓解，但大学的负责人依旧非常担忧，担心学生会死于酒精中毒。每一起死亡事件都会再次引起学校注意，打击酒精文化，追究宣扬酒精文化的团体的责任。

These administrators may be relieved to learn, then, that there’s a nascent movement of college students turning down the red Solo cup.

这些管理人员可能会松一口气，因为现在有一场大学生拒绝酒杯的新生运动。

While young people have many personal reasons for making the choice, confluent forces — a more inclusive society, a stronger safety net for those struggling with addiction, and increased skepticism toward alcohol — have made it easier than ever to be a college student who doesn’t drink.

尽管年轻人做出这样的选择有很多个人原因，但综合各种因素——一个更为包容的社会，为那些与酒瘾作斗争的人提供的更强大的安全网，对酒精越来越多的质疑——大学生便更容易戒酒了。

That cuts against the conventional campus wisdom that students who abstain are just alcoholics. The substance-free community is made up of people with various reasons for not using alcohol and drugs, said Lindsay Garcia, who oversees Brown University’s Donovan Program for Recovery and Substance-Free Initiatives.

这打破了传统的校园观念，即不喝酒的学生都是酗酒者。监督布朗大学酒精康复和无酒精计划的林赛·加西亚说，无酒精群体由出于各种原因不接触酒精和毒品的人组成。

“Some people just want to study really hard,” Garcia said. “Some people have family history of addiction; some people are in recovery. People have religious reasons or personal reasons or medical reasons.”

加西亚说：“有些人只是想努力学习，有些人有毒瘾的家族史；有些人正在恢复中。人们或出于宗教原因、个人原因，或出于医疗原因。”

Society has, in recent years, become more willing to embrace and organize around the sober lifestyle, Clark, of the University of Pittsburgh, said. He pointed to Dry January, a popular health campaign that encourages people to take a break from drinking in the new year.

匹兹堡大学的克拉克说，近年来，社会变得更加愿意接受和组织清醒的生活方式。他提到了“一月无酒活动”，这是一项受欢迎的健康运动，鼓励人们在新的一年里戒酒。

More bars are offering “mocktails,” or nonalcoholic cocktails. Headlines declare that alcohol just isn’t cool anymore. The “sober curious” movement has spawned a cottage industry of podcasts, books, and social groups designed to uplift people who are questioning their relationship with alcohol.

越来越多的酒吧提供无酒精鸡尾酒。头条新闻宣称酒精已经不再酷了。“清醒的好奇”运动催生了播客、书籍和社交团体等在家里就能做好的工作，帮助那些无法处理自己与酒精关系的人。

People are also more attuned to the research on the negative health effects of alcohol, said Lynsey Romo, an associate professor of communications at North Carolina State University who studies how people talk about alcoholism and sobriety.

北卡罗来纳州立大学传播学副教授林西·罗莫研究人们如何谈论酒精中毒和清醒状态，他说，人们也倾向于酒精对健康的负面影响。

“All of a sudden, everything is ‘sober curious,’” Romo said. “Every single news outlet is writing about this.”

“突然间，‘清醒好奇’突然大火，”罗莫说，“每一家新闻媒体都在报道这件事。”

On campus, demographic shifts may be amplifying the sober wave.

在校园里，人口结构的变化可能正在放大清醒的浪潮。

Students today are more diverse, and research shows that students of color and first-generation students are less likely to drink excessively. Today’s college students are also more open-minded toward people who are different from them, and that’s reflected in the greater acceptance of those who choose not to drink.

现在的学生更加多样化，研究表明，有色人种学生和第一代学生不太可能酗酒。现如今的大学生对与他们不同的人持有更开放的态度，对不喝酒的人接受程度也更高。

Sonia Redwine, director of the Recovery and Intervention Support and Education Center at the University of North Texas, said lockdown allowed many students to think seriously about their behaviors.

北德克萨斯大学恢复和干预支持与教育中心主任索尼娅·雷德温说，疫情封控让许多学生认真思考他们的行为。

“A lot of students coming in are really seeking to align with their values, seeking activities that allow them to grow,” she said. “This incoming student population is reflecting a lot more about that, and there’s a lot more awareness of the adverse effects of alcohol and consequences.”

“很多学生真的在寻找与他们的价值观保持一致，让他们成长的活动，”她说，“新来的学生更多地反映了这一点，人们对酒精的不良影响和后果有了更多的认识。”

One of the largest shifts in higher education over the past 20 years has been the increasing pressure on colleges to offer full services to their students. Many students today arrive on campus with the expectation that their institution provides not only academics, housing, and food, but also medical care, security services, and mental-health support.

在过去的20年里，高等教育最大的变化之一就是大学为学生提供全面服务，面临着越来越大的压力。如今许多学生来到校园，希望学校不仅提供学习条件和食宿，而且还提供医疗、安全服务和心理健康支持。

In that vein, collegiate-recovery programs have sprouted across the United States. They offer sober housing, social events, and connections to community services. According to its website, the Association of Recovery in Higher Education has 152 member institutions worldwide.

在这种情况下，大学恢复项目在美国各地如雨后春笋般涌现。他们提供戒酒房、社交活动和相关的社区服务。其网站表示高等教育恢复协会在全球拥有152个成员机构。

At Michigan, most of the recovery program’s events are only for students in the close-knit group. But in addition to St. Patrick’s Day skating, the program hosts an annual sober tailgate, which is open to the public. For students who don’t enjoy drinking or partying, events like these prove that they’re not alone.

在密歇根，大多数康复项目的活动只针对关系密切的学生。不过除了圣帕特里克节滑冰活动，该计划还举办一年一度的戒酒旅行野餐活动，向公众开放。对于不喜欢喝酒或聚会的学生，这样的活动能够体现出他们并不孤单。

“I don’t really like parties,” said Wencke Groeneveld, a Michigan student who attended Sober Skate. “I prefer physical activity, and I am a big fan of ice-skating. Even when I go to parties, I don’t drink. But it’s a little bit weird because other people are drinking.”

“我真的不喜欢聚会，”参加过无酒精滑冰运动的密歇根学生温克·格罗内维尔德（Wencke Groeneveld）说，“我更喜欢体育活动，我是滑冰的狂热爱好者。即使我去聚会，我也不喝酒。但这有点奇怪，因为其他人都在喝酒。”

And for students who do enjoy going out, the prospect of free pizza and ice-skating may be enough to lure them away from the party scene.

对于喜欢外出的学生，能够得到免费披萨和滑冰活动足以吸引他们，不去派对现场。

“Without alternatives like this, people will just get drunk,” said Maya Castleberry, a Michigan graduate who attended the event. “There’s a huge turnout. People see that ice-skating is more fun than drinking.”

“如果没有这样的选择，人们只会烂醉，”密歇根大学毕业生玛雅·卡斯尔伯里（Maya Castleberry）参加了这次活动，她说：“出席人数很多，人们感受到了滑冰比喝酒更有趣。”

Recovery programs only serve a subset of students who abstain, and those students’ needs are different. But just the presence of a collegiate-recovery program on campus helps normalize the experience of being a college student who doesn’t drink, Statman said.

恢复计划只服务于一小部分戒酒的学生，这些学生的需求是不同的。但斯塔特曼说，仅仅是校园里的大学康复项目就有助于使戒酒的大学生变得正常。

“Campuses that really are invested in collegiate recovery and raise up students in recovery do something to help normalize sober students, whether they’re in recovery or not, or need to be in recovery or not,” Statman said.

斯塔特曼说：“如果那些学校真正致力于大学生康复，培养正在恢复的学生，他们会做出努力来帮助戒酒的学生正常生活，不管他们是否在康复中，是否需要康复。”

Some campuses have student-run clubs that host alcohol- and drug-free activities, like Bucknell University’s C.A.L.V.I.N. & H.O.B.B.E.S. and Brown University’s SoBear.

一些校园有学生经营的俱乐部，举办无酒精和无毒品的活动，如巴克内尔大学的凯文和霍布斯俱乐部，还有布朗大学的醒熊豆豆俱乐部。

Madhu Subramanian, a senior at Brown and president of SoBear, said that while club events are designed for people who are substance-free, it is not a requirement.

布朗大学的大四学生、醒熊豆豆俱乐部的总裁马杜-萨勃拉曼尼亚说，虽然俱乐部活动专门开放给不喝酒的人，但这并不是必需条件。

“You just have to remain sober right before, and during,” Subramanian said. “I think we provide a really good avenue for people who, for whatever reason, might just want a space that doesn’t have substances for a night.”

“你只需要在之前和这期间保持清醒即可，”萨勃拉曼尼亚说，“对于那些出于某种原因只想要在一个晚上去不喝酒的地方的人，我们提供了一个非常好的途径。

SoBear’s spring 2023 schedule includes bookmark weaving and tote-bag decorating. Events typically draw between 20 and 30 students, Subramanian said. Once, a mocktail-and-movie night attracted 180 people. “Last week we created potted felt succulents,” he said. “Last semester we went to Dave & Buster’s.”

醒熊豆豆的2023年春季计划包括书签编织和手提袋装饰。萨勃拉曼尼亚表示活动通常会吸引20到30名学生。有一次一场电影之夜吸引了180人。他说：“上周我们做了盆栽毛毡多肉植物，上学期我们去了连锁餐厅Dave & Buster’s。”

Sober students at Brown gather in several different ways, including through substance-free housing.

布朗大学戒酒的学生以不同的方式聚集在一起，比如聚在戒酒房。

Requests to live in first-year substance-free housing have tripled since the beginning of the pandemic, Garcia said. When she assumed the position, in January 2021, participation in the collegiate-recovery program had dwindled to three or four active members. Now, it’s between 30 and 40.

加西亚说，自疫情开始以来，要求住在新戒酒房的人数增加了两倍。在她2021年1月担任这一职务时，参与大学恢复计划的人数已经减少到只有三四名活跃成员。现在的成员人数在30到40名之间。

Subramanian lives in Donovan House, a 17-bed residence for sober students.

萨勃拉曼尼亚住在多诺万酒店，这儿为戒酒的学生提供了大约有17个床位的住所。

“Everyone in the house is there for different reasons, but all of us completely respect each other’s reasons for not wanting to interact with substances,” he said.

“戒酒屋里的每个人来到这里都有不同的原因，但我们所有人都完全尊重对方想要戒酒的理由，”他说。

Naturally, many teetotaling college students find community, and a following, on social media. On TikTok, student creators post videos sharing reasons why they choose not to drink, tips for staying sober, and mocktail recipes.

许多滴酒不沾的大学生在社交媒体上找到了群体，有了粉丝。在抖音上，学生创作者发布视频，分享他们戒酒的原因、保持清醒的技巧和无酒精的饮食。

“I wanted to create a space and awareness that binge-drinking culture is not required to have a good college experience,” said Julie Lawton, a sophomore at the University of Connecticut who runs a health-and-fitness TikTok account.

康涅狄格大学二年级学生朱莉·劳顿经营着一个健康健身的抖音账户，她说：“我想创造一个空间，让人们意识到，拥有一段美好的大学经历并不一定要有酗酒文化。”

Lawton said social media helps people who choose not to drink feel less lonely.

劳顿说，社交媒体有助于戒酒的人减少孤独感。

“If people didn’t have social media, they’d look around in college and think everyone’s drinking,” she said. “The only reason people know that I don’t drink is because of my social media.”

“如果人们没有社交媒体，他们只会在大学里抬头观望，感觉每个人都在喝酒，”她说，“人们只能通过我的社交媒体发现我其实并不喝酒。”

When Lawton started college, she noticed how normalized drinking was at Connecticut. There wasn’t much to do in Storrs, she said, besides drink and party.

劳顿开始上大学的时候，她发现喝酒在康涅狄格州非常正常。她说，在斯托尔斯除了喝酒和聚会之外，没什么可做的。

So she’d drink, but it didn’t make her feel good. Lawton said she’d get really bad “hangxiety,” which she defined as the anxiety one feels the morning after drinking, when you can’t remember who you talked to or what you said.

所以她开始喝酒，但这并没有让她感觉良好。劳顿说，她会感到非常焦虑，她将这种焦虑定义为一个人在喝酒后，第二天早上醒来感到的那种焦虑，你不记得你和谁说过话，说过什么。

At the beginning of her sophomore year, Lawton decided to try going out sober. She didn’t tell anyone and made sure to have a nonalcoholic drink in her hand. “I felt like I had a lot more confidence sober,” she said.

她开始上大二的时候，决定不在外面喝酒。她没有告诉任何人，手里一直拿着不含酒精的饮料。她说：“我觉得清醒状态下的自己更有信心。”

But the frat parties aren’t clearing out just yet.

但是联谊会并没有结束。

While sober students have found support and community, they still struggle to navigate their peers’ expectations around drinking.

虽然戒酒的学生已经找到了支持和群体，但他们仍然很难融入同龄人的群体，因为其他人都在喝酒。

“I am comfortable talking about it,” said Claire Fogarty, a junior at the University of Southern California, of her sobriety. “People don’t know my relationship with it. But it isn’t something you’re supposed to ask people about.”

南加州大学的大三学生克莱尔·福格蒂谈到她戒酒时说：“我很乐意谈论戒酒，人们不知道我在戒酒，但这不是应该问别人的事情。”

Colleges are still playing catch-up on creating better sober spaces that work for students. Campus-sponsored events often end before the weekend-night revelry even begins.

大学仍在努力为学生创造更好的戒酒空间。校园举办的活动通常在周末狂欢开始前就结束了。

“The administration can only do so much when it comes to student culture, because that’s something that takes years to change,” said Kacey Lee, a sophomore at Cornell University. “But I do wish they would implement night events or concerts or open-mic nights, low-key things at night so that there’s things for students to do without alcohol.”

康奈尔大学二年级学生凯西·李（Kacey Lee）说：“管理层在学生戒酒文化方面只能做这么多，仍需要数年时间才能改变现状。但我真的希望他们能举办夜间活动或音乐会，或开放麦克风之夜，在晚上举办一些不喝酒的活动，这样学生们就可以在不喝酒的情况下参与进来。”

Not having alternatives is especially difficult for students in recovery, who often have to choose between going out sober and staying in.

对于戒酒中的学生来说，没有其他选择的话就非常困难，他们经常不得不在出门但是不喝酒和呆在家里之间做出选择。

“College is not a recovery-enhancing environment,” said Katie Carroll, a Michigan senior and member of its Collegiate Recovery Program. “I’d love to say it’s as common to find sober activities as it is ones where drinking is involved, but it isn’t.”

“大学不是一个促进戒酒的环境，”密歇根大学的大四学生、大学恢复项目的成员凯蒂·卡罗尔说，“我很希望自己能说戒酒的活动和喝酒的活动一样普遍，但事实并非如此。”

At Michigan, part of the success of the skating event was that it was so late, running from 10 p.m. to midnight. When asked what their plans were for the rest of the night, most attendees said they would go to bed.

在密歇根，滑冰活动大获成功的部分原因是举办的时间很晚，从晚上10点一直持续到午夜。他们被问及今晚还有什么计划时，大多数参与的人都会说直接回去睡觉了。

“I’ve come to college to study and get a degree, so it’s better that there’s an event that doesn’t involve alcohol,” said Pranav Varshney, a Michigan freshman. Ice-skating is “not going to make me feel bad the next day, and I can go back to studying.”

密歇根大学一年级学生普拉纳夫·瓦什尼（Pranav Varshney）说：“我来大学是为了学习和取得学位，所以最好参加无酒精的活动，滑冰不会让我第二天感觉不适合，可以回去继续学习。”

Hosting better substance-free events is one thing; changing attitudes and behavior around drinking is another.

一方面，我们需要举办更好的无酒精活动；还有一方面，我们需要改变学生对饮酒的态度和行为。

Alcohol consumption is so entrenched in the public imagination of college life that its absence is newsworthy; we question why students do not drink, not why they do. And the functioning of the college relies, financially and otherwise, on the assumption that students will drink.

大众关于大学生喝酒这一行为有着根深蒂固的想法，戒酒的行为极具新闻价值；我们总是怀疑学生为什么不喝酒，而不是他们为什么喝酒。无论是经济还是其他方面，学校运转都依赖于学生会喝酒的假设上。

Institutions attract students by promising both academic and social nourishment, but the responsibility of engaging students often falls to Greek-life organizations and other student clubs where booze reigns supreme. Colleges reap the benefits: In 2021, a Gallup poll commissioned by the National Panhellenic Conference and the North American Interfraternity Council found that fraternity and sorority members were much more likely to report donating to their alma mater than unaffiliated alumni — 54 percent versus 10 percent. Former fraternity and sorority members were also more likely than unaffiliated alumni to recommend their institution to others.

学校通过承诺提供学习环境和有意义的社交活动来吸引学生，但这一责任往往落在希腊生活学生社团和其他以喝酒为主的学生俱乐部身上。大学从中受益：2021年，由哈佛大学校友会和北美兄弟会理事会委托进行的一项盖洛普民调发现，兄弟会和姐妹会成员比无党派校友更有可能向母校捐款，比例分别是54%对10%。前兄弟会和姐妹会成员也比无党派校友更有可能向他人推荐他们的机构。

These groups remain embroiled in alcohol-related hazing scandals. About 1,500 college students between 18 and 24 die from alcohol-related causes each year, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.

这些团体仍然卷入与酒精相关的欺凌丑闻。根据国家酒精滥用和酒精中毒研究所的数据，每年约有1500名18至24岁的大学生的死因与酒精相关。

Plus, alcohol is more widely available on campuses than ever. More colleges are allowing beer and wine sales at football games. Several have tightened their embrace of beer companies through sponsorships and branded beer.

而且与以往相比，现在学生在校园里更容易获得酒精。越来越多的大学能够在足球比赛中销售啤酒和葡萄酒。有几家大学已经通过赞助和为啤酒设计品牌，加强了与啤酒公司的合作。

“Although alcohol use has decreased over time, it still remains — by far — the most prevalent substance used on college campuses,” said Megan Patrick, a research professor at the University of Michigan and principal investigator on the Monitoring the Future study, in an email to The Chronicle.

密歇根大学研究教授、监测未来研究的首席研究员梅根·帕特里克在给《纪事报》的一封电子邮件中说：“尽管随着时间推移，大学生的饮酒量有所减少，但目前为止酒精仍然是大学校园里最常见的东西。”

And a recent TikTok trend that recommends mixing water, liquor, flavoring, and electrolytes in a gallon jug is a new stressor for administrators. Advocates of the borg (“blackout rage gallon”) argue that the concoction reduces harm, because drinkers control what goes in their jug. That’s not so reassuring to colleges.

抖音最近有个热门趋势，建议人们在一加仑的罐子里混合水、酒、调味料和电解质，对大学管理者来说，这又是一个全新的压力源。博格酒（“昏厥狂怒加仑”）的倡导者认为，这种混合酒减少了对饮酒者的伤害，因为他们可以控制其中的含量。但是这对大学来说仍然难以让人放心。

In March, during the annual “Blarney Blowout” binge-drinking event, the University of Massachusetts at Amherst and the Town of Amherst released a joint statement alerting the community to the use of borgs. The Amherst Fire Department received 28 requests for ambulance transport during the event. Officials planned to “assess this weekend’s developments and consider steps to improve alcohol education and intervention.”

今年3月，在一年一度的“布拉尼井喷”喝酒活动中，马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校和阿默斯特镇发布了一份联合声明，提醒群体注意使用博格酒。但是活动期间，阿默斯特消防局收到了28次的救护车运输得请求。负责人将评估到本周末的事态发展，考虑采取措施，加强酒精教育和干预。”

Marijuana use, meanwhile, has been rising steadily since the mid-aughts. In 2021, 24 percent of college students said they had used marijuana in the last month, according to Monitoring the Future data.

与此同时，自20世纪中期以来，大麻的使用量也一直在稳步上升。根据监测未来的数据，2021年，表示在过去的一个月里使用过大麻的大学生有24%。

Statman, at the University of Michigan, said he has noticed an uptick in cannabis use as Michigan has legalized recreational use and dispensaries have opened within walking distance of campus.

密歇根大学的斯塔特曼说，他已经注意到大麻使用量的上升，密歇根已经将大麻休闲性使用合法化，在校园步行距离内就有相应的店铺开业。

“That’s affected the culture for sure around substance use,” he said. He said he didn’t have the numbers, but “I think it’s safe to say that more people are using cannabis than they were before you could go buy it at the store.”

他说：“这肯定对毒品文化产生了影响。”他并不清楚确切的数字，但他可以肯定地说：“与之前你去商店买大麻之前，现在有更多的人正在使用大麻。”

There’s reason to be optimistic, though, about the trajectory of alcohol-free life on campus.

不过，对未来校园无酒精的生活，我们仍然可以持乐观态度。

“All the positive trends that we’re seeing point to a safer campus in terms of alcohol use,” said Julia Martinez, an expert on college drinking and an associate professor of psychology at Colgate University.

科尔盖特大学心理学副教授、大学饮酒专家朱莉娅·马丁内斯说：“所有的正向趋势都表明，在饮酒方面，校园会越来越安全。”

Clark, the Pitt psychiatrist, said he welcomes the greater acceptance of sobriety on campus and the shift toward a more expansive definition of college fun.

皮特大学的精神病学家克拉克表示，学校对戒酒行为的接受度越来越高，对大学生活乐趣的定义越来越广泛，他非常欢迎这种转变。

“What is fairly ingrained in our culture is that being a college student is associated with alcohol and other drugs,” Clark said. “That’s proven to be a problematic expectation.”

他说：“在我们的文化中，大学生总是与酒精和其他毒品联系在一起，这种观念根深蒂固，但事实证明，这种预期并不正确。”

Instead of embracing these expectations, college students today are charting their own paths.

现如今大学生并非如此，他们也在规划自己的道路。

“People talk about this current generation like they don’t take on any risks,” Martinez said. “I would really want to emphasize that younger people are putting their foot down and are saying, ‘We don’t have to do the status quo.’”

”马丁内斯说：人们谈论这一代人的时候，就好像他们不用承担任何风险一样，我真的想强调，现在的年轻人们立场坚定，表示‘我们不会维持现状。’”

In the lobby as the Michigan event waned, Bella Nuce, who graduated in 2021, reflected on the four years she has attended Sober Skate. When the 25-year-old first started going, it was much smaller, mostly fellow students in recovery. Now, it’s everyone.

随着密歇根运动逐渐衰微，2021年毕业的贝拉·努斯（Bella Nuce）在大厅里回忆起她参加无酒精滑冰活动的那四年。这位25岁的年轻人第一次开始去的时候，活动规模要小得多，大多数是在戒酒中的同学。现在所有学生都来参与了。

She credited “a younger generation that’s more mature than me” for increasing Sober Skate’s popularity.

她认为“比我更成熟的年轻一代”让无酒精滑板活动更受欢迎了。

Meanwhile on the ice, Justine Sedky, who earned her master’s from Michigan in 2020, danced in anticipation of midnight. At that time, she would celebrate her fifth sober anniversary. Her peers whooped as the minutes counted down.

与此同时，2020年在密歇根大学获得硕士学位的贾斯汀·塞基(Justine Sedky)午夜时分在冰面上跳舞。她将庆祝自己戒酒五周年。时间一分一秒流逝，同伴们发出了欢呼声。

Of course, there would be no clinking of glasses when the clock struck midnight. Statman, the recovery-program manager, made just one request, tongue in cheek, as Sedky’s big moment approached: “Don’t drink.”

当然，当午夜钟声敲响时，不会有碰杯的声音，在赛基这一重要时刻临近之际，康复项目经理斯塔特曼只是半开玩笑地提出了一个要求：“不要喝酒。”