海南全岛封关意味着啥？
What does it mean to close the whole island of Hainan?
全岛封关运作项目建设是海南自由贸易港建设的标志性和基础性工程。海南省有关负责人介绍，截至目前，全岛封关运作各项准备工作任务均已取得阶段性进展，将在2025年底前适时启动全岛封关运作。
Island-wide closure operation project construction is the landmark and basic project of Hainan free trade port construction. An official from Hainan Province said that up to now, all preparatory tasks for the island-wide closure operation have made progress, and the island-wide closure operation will be launched by the end of 2025.
“一线放开、二线管住、岛内自由”
"First-line liberalization, second-line control, freedom on the island"
什么是封关？即海南全岛成为一个“境内关外”区域，实行“一线放开、二线管住、岛内自由”货物进出口管理制度。
What is customs clearance? That is to say, the whole island of Hainan has become a "domestic customs clearance" area, and the import and export management system of "first-line liberalization, second-line control and freedom on the island" has been implemented.
“一线”指国境线，即从境外到自贸区（港）内。这意味着海南和全世界的联通将更加顺畅，岛内将实行更加自由便利的贸易投资政策。
"First line" refers to the national border, that is, from overseas to the free trade zone (port). This means that the connectivity between Hainan and the whole world will be smoother, and the island will implement a more free and convenient trade and investment policy.
“二线”指自贸区（港）的空间分割线，即自贸区（港）与境内其他区域之间的分割线。就是在海南自贸港和内地之间进行适度的管制，目的是为了保障国家贸易管制政策的统一和做好与内地税制落差的衔接。管理的对象主要是货物、商品、运输工具，但与内地间人员往来不会发生变化。
"Second line" refers to the spatial dividing line of FTZ (Hong Kong), that is, the dividing line between FTZ (Hong Kong) and other regions in China. It is to carry out moderate control between Hainan Free Trade Port and the mainland, with the aim of ensuring the unification of national trade control policies and making a good connection with the tax system gap in the mainland. The objects of management are mainly goods, commodities and means of transport, but there will be no change in personnel exchanges with the mainland.
海南省开放型经济研究院院长李世杰介绍，“一线放开”使国际上的商品、船只、货物等可以自由进出海南，但从海南再进入到境内其他区域，就要按照和境内其他区域一样的海关管理制度进行管理。
According to Li Shijie, president of the Hainan Institute for Open Economy, "first-line liberalization" allows international commodities, ships and goods to enter and leave Hainan freely. However, when they enter other parts of Hainan, they must follow the same customs control system as other parts of Hainan.
据海南省委宣传部部长王斌介绍，海南已全面启动全岛封关运作准备，主要包括64项工作任务、31项建设项目（口岸建设、海关查验设备等）和27项压力测试事项，目前正在紧锣密鼓推进，确保今年具备封关硬件条件、明年完成封关各项准备、2025年底前全岛封关运作。
According to Wang Bin, Minister of Propaganda Department of Hainan Provincial Party Committee, Hainan has fully started the preparations for the whole island customs clearance operation, mainly including 64 tasks, 31 construction projects (port construction, customs inspection equipment, etc.) and 27 stress test items, which are currently in full swing to ensure that the hardware conditions for customs clearance are available this year, all preparations for customs clearance will be completed next year, and the whole island customs clearance operation will be completed before the end of 2025.
“我省牵头的25个全岛封关运作第一批项目已经全部开工建设，目前进展顺利。”王斌说，这25个全岛封关运作项目总投资约117亿元，涉及8个对外开放口岸、10个“二线口岸”和非设关地73个船管站、15个海警工作站硬件设施建设以及信息化监管平台建设。项目建成后将有效满足海南自由贸易港全岛封关运作软硬件设施需求，为实现多手段、少手续的安全监管和低干预、便利化的精准监管提供重要支撑。
"The first batch of 25 island-wide closure projects led by our province have all started construction and are progressing smoothly." Wang Bin said the 25 island-wide projects, with a total investment of about 11.7 billion yuan, involve the construction of eight ports open to the outside world, 10 "second-tier ports" and 73 ship management stations in non-customs areas, 15 coast guard workstations and the construction of information monitoring platforms. After completion, the project will effectively meet the requirements of hardware and software facilities for the island-wide closure operation of Hainan Free Trade Port, providing important support for the realization of safety supervision with multiple means and fewer formalities, and precise supervision with low intervention and facilitation.
带来全方位多层次的利好
Bring all-round and multi-level benefits
今年是推进海南自贸港全岛封关运作的关键之年。在海南自由贸易港建设的制度设计上，《海南自由贸易港建设总体方案》明确提出，在实现有效监管的前提下，建设全岛封关运作的海关监管特殊区域。
This year is a crucial year to promote the whole island customs clearance operation of Hainan Free Trade Port. On the system design of Hainan Free Trade Port Construction, the Overall Plan for Hainan Free Trade Port Construction clearly proposes to build a special customs supervision area for the whole island's customs clearance operation on the premise of realizing effective supervision.
在建立与高水平自由贸易港相适应的税收制度方面，《方案》明确，全岛封关运作前，对部分进口商品免征进口关税、进口环节增值税和消费税。全岛封关运作、简并税制后，对进口征税商品目录以外、允许海南自由贸易港进口的商品，免征进口关税。
In terms of establishing a tax system compatible with the high-level free trade port, the plan makes it clear that some imported goods will be exempted from import duties, value-added tax and consumption tax before the island is closed and operated. After the whole island is closed and the tax system is simplified, goods that are not included in the list of goods subject to import tax and are allowed to be imported into Hainan Free Trade Port will be exempted from import duties.
专家认为，全岛封关将带来全方位、多层次的利好。对海南居民来说，出入境从事经贸活动将更加便利，进口业务零关税、跨境资金流动自由等将提升岛内居民的生活幸福感和从事进出口贸易的信心。
Experts believe that the island-wide closure will bring all-round, multi-level good. For Hainan residents, it will be more convenient for them to enter and exit the country to engage in economic and trade activities. Zero tariff on import business and free flow of cross-border funds will enhance their happiness of life and confidence in engaging in import and export trade.
商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院学术委员会副主任张建平对本报记者分析，封关后推行的零关税、低税率、简税制等优惠政策将更全面细致。零关税意味着重要的商机，施行了低增值税和零关税后，企业的各种成本将进一步降低。
Zhang Jianping, deputy director of the Academic Committee of the Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation of the Ministry of Commerce, analyzed to our reporter that the preferential policies such as zero tariff, low tax rate and simple tax system will be more comprehensive and detailed after the closure. Zero tariff means important business opportunities. With the implementation of low VAT and zero tariff, various costs of enterprises will be further reduced.
张建平认为，一系列优惠政策的叠加，有利于海南的现代服务业、先进制造业以及热带特色高效农业等发展，产生产业集聚效应和规模效应。此外，相关免税政策将吸引大量游客，也将吸引更多人才留在海南，进一步促进当地餐饮、酒店、旅游等产业发展。
Zhang Jianping believes that the superposition of a series of preferential policies is conducive to the development of modern service industry, advanced manufacturing industry and efficient agriculture with tropical characteristics in Hainan, resulting in industrial agglomeration effect and scale effect. In addition, the relevant tax exemption policy will attract a large number of tourists and attract more talents to stay in Hainan, further promoting the development of local catering, hotel, tourism and other industries.
全力推进全岛封关运作项目建设
Fully promote the construction of the whole island customs clearance operation project
“封关”不是“封岛”，全岛封关意味着海南自贸港与外界的联通将更加顺畅，是更高水平的开放。
"Customs closure" is not "island closure", but the whole island closure means that Hainan Free Trade Port will be more smoothly connected with the outside world and open to a higher level.
全岛封关后，海南与世界各地之间的贸易将更加频繁，也将促使海南更多参与到国际分工中，进一步推动中国进出口贸易繁荣发展。专家分析，当离岛免税转化成落地免税后，无论是海外人员进入到海南，还是境内其他区域人员进入海南，都能在海南享受到进口商品免税的待遇，带动进口规模大量增加。同时境内其他区域商品进入海南视同出口，海南的出口规模也将进一步增加，因此封关对整个进出口贸易都会产生明显带动作用。
After the closure of the whole island, the trade between Hainan and the rest of the world will be more frequent, which will also promote Hainan to participate in the international division of labor, and further promote the prosperity of China's import and export trade. According to the analysis of experts, when the duty-free on the outlying islands is transformed into duty-free on arrival, no matter overseas personnel enter Hainan or people from other regions within the territory enter Hainan, they can enjoy the duty-free treatment of imported goods in Hainan, driving a large increase in the scale of imports. At the same time, goods entering Hainan from other regions within the territory are regarded as exports, and the export scale of Hainan will further increase. Therefore, the closure will have an obvious driving effect on the whole import and export trade.
海南全岛封关对推进海南自由贸易港建设将发挥重要作用。张建平认为，全岛封关将为海南省引进更多优质商品，满足人民群众日益增长的消费需求，提高岛内商品质量和竞争力；另一方面，全岛封关有利于海南省成为对外开放的前沿高地，吸引更多国内外投资和优质资源流入，促进海南经济高质量发展。
海南全岛封关对推进海南自由贸易港建设将发挥重要作用。张建平认为，全岛封关将为海南省引进更多优质商品，满足人民群众日益增长的消费需求，提高岛内商品质量和竞争力；另一方面，全岛封关有利于海南省成为对外开放的前沿高地，吸引更多国内外投资和优质资源流入，促进海南经济高质量发展
“下一步，我们将锁定全岛封关运作目标，科学化统筹、高标准建设，全力推进全岛封关运作项目建设，确保2023年封关运作项目主体工程顺利完工，为高质量开展压力测试和正式封关运作夯实基础。”王斌说。
"In the next step, we will lock in the goal of island-wide closure operation, make scientific planning and high standard construction, and make every effort to promote the construction of island-wide closure operation project to ensure the smooth completion of the main project in 2023, laying a solid foundation for high-quality pressure test and formal closure operation." Wang Bin said.
