US: Roe ruling ‘latest’ in politics impacting int’l student decisions

美国：罗裁决政治“最新”影响国际学生决策

The US Supreme Court’s overturning of Roe v. Wade in the Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization ruling officially put the power to ban or protect abortion rights in the hands of individual states.

美国最高法院在多布斯诉杰克逊妇女健康组织案（Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization）中推翻了罗伊诉韦德案（Roe v. Wade）的裁决，正式将禁止或保护堕胎权的权力交给了各州。

The decision limits access to reproductive health care and could cause a drop in international student admission for conservative states, stakeholders have warned.

利益相关者警告说，这项决定限制了获得生殖保健的机会，并可能导致保守州的国际学生入学人数下降。

In recent years, international students’ motivations for choosing study abroad destinations have placed safety as a top priority. Take the QS 2021 international student survey of over 105,000 prospective students that found 54% of students saying safety is their “most pressing” worry. Agents have previously warned that a “growing reputation for gun violence” in some cities is pushing some prospective Chinese away from the US.

近年来，国际学生选择留学目的地的动机已将安全放在首位。以QS 2021国际学生调查（QS2021 international student survey）为例，该调查对105000多名潜在学生进行了调查，发现54%的学生表示安全是他们“最紧迫”的担忧。特工此前曾警告称，一些城市“枪支暴力的名声越来越大”，正将一些潜在的中国人赶出美国。

Some 40% of respondents to the QS surveyed also said that having access to medical care and a medical center is “extremely important” to them.

接受QS调查的约40%的受访者还表示，获得医疗服务和医疗中心对他们来说“极其重要”。

There is precedent for international students avoiding red-states. Times Higher Education reported that, during the pandemic, republican states saw a larger drop in overseas recruiting and admissions compared to their democratic counterparts.

国际学生避开红州是有先例的。《泰晤士报高等教育》报道称，在疫情期间，共和党各州的海外招生和录取人数与民主党州相比下降幅度更大。

“More international students consider whether an institution is in a red state or a blue state”

“更多的国际学生考虑一所学校是处于红色州还是蓝色州”

Politics is becoming a bigger influence on international student’s admission decisions, and it may only grow, with partisanship on college campuses increasing as a concern for educators, according to The Chronicle for Higher Education.

据《高等教育纪事报》报道，政治对国际学生入学决定的影响越来越大，而且可能只会越来越大，大学校园中的党派之争越来越成为教育工作者关注的问题。

Valeria Renée Rivera, a Study in the USA international student from El Salvador, told The PIE News, “An area’s political environment is something most people will look into before or after applying… I have witnessed several people go for one school over the other based on how safe and supported they feel there.”

来自萨尔瓦多的美国留学生瓦莱里亚·雷内·里维拉（Valeria Renée Rivera）在接受PIE新闻采访时表示：“一个地区的政治环境是大多数人在申请前或申请后都会考虑的……我曾目睹过一些人选择一所学校而不是另一所学校，因为他们在那里感觉多么安全和受支持。”

Ben Waxman, CEO of Intead, a global recruitment and marketing company for international students and institutions, says that political climate is increasing as a concern for international students coming to the US.

Intead是一家面向国际学生和机构的全球招聘和营销公司，其首席执行官本·韦克斯曼（BenWaxman）表示，随着国际学生来到美国，政治气氛越来越令人担忧。

“Ever since the 2016 election in the US in which Mr. Trump ran and won, more international students consider whether an institution is in a red state or a blue state,” Waxman told The PIE.

韦克斯曼告诉《PIE》：“自2016年特朗普参选并获胜以来，越来越多的国际学生开始考虑一所大学是处于红色州还是蓝色州。”。

“It is not a majority of international applicants, but the number has increased. Prior to 2016, we had not seen this as a student consideration. Those students evaluating political leaning tend to align with blue states.”

“这并不是大多数国际申请者的选择，但数量有所增加。在2016年之前，我们没有将其视为学生考虑的因素。那些评估政治倾向的学生倾向于与蓝州保持一致。”

Many public and private universities in the US have released statements supporting abortion access, like Boston University which has a population of over 10,000 international students. The institution said it will continue to provide pregnancy counselling on campus for the use of any student.

美国许多公立和私立大学都发布了支持堕胎的声明，如波士顿大学，该校拥有超过10000名国际学生。该机构表示，将继续在校园内为任何学生提供怀孕咨询。

“We have stumbled backward almost half a century by denying women control over their bodies. We can only hope that our society will find a way to move forward once again and extend this protection to all women in our country,” BU president Robert Brown stated.

英国大学校长罗伯特·布朗表示：“我们拒绝女性对自己身体的控制，这让我们倒退了近半个世纪。我们只能希望我们的社会能够找到一种方式，再次向前发展，并将这种保护扩大到我国所有女性。”。

“I have witnessed several people go for one school over the other based on how safe and supported they feel there”

“我亲眼目睹过一些人选择一所学校而不是另一所学校，因为他们在那里感到多么安全和受支持。”

There is also a growing minority of colleges that support the Dobbs decision, most of these are religious colleges which tend to have smaller populations of international students.

支持Dobbs决定的学院也越来越少，其中大多数是宗教学院，国际学生人数往往较少。

Liberty University, an evangelical college in Virginia, released a statement from its president, Jerry Prevo, noting opposition to abortion. “As Liberty University president, I am proud that we are now officially training the first post Roe v. Wade generation of leaders who will be Champions for Christ to continue to advocate for the life of mothers and their unborn babies,” he said.

弗吉尼亚州的一所福音派学院自由大学发表了校长杰里·普雷沃的声明，指出反对堕胎。他说：“作为自由大学校长，我感到自豪的是，我们现在正在正式培训罗伊诉韦德案后的第一代领导人，他们将成为基督的拥护者，继续倡导母亲和未出生婴儿的生活。”

LU currently hosts over 700 international students from 70 countries; the application for overseas students to Liberty University states it “reserve[s] their right to discriminate on the basis of religion as far as applicable law will allow”.

岭大目前有来自70个国家的700多名国际学生;自由大学的海外学生申请书上说“保留在适用法律允许的范围内基于宗教的歧视权利”。

This is one example of several religious colleges in the US that have come out in favour of the overturning of Roe v. Wade. Future international students choosing to study at a religious university will have to factor in religious discrimination and the possibility of not being supported by their universities if they do end up needing access to abortions.

这是美国几所宗教学院支持推翻罗伊诉韦德案的一个例子。未来选择在宗教大学学习的国际学生将不得不考虑宗教歧视，以及如果他们最终需要堕胎，他们可能得不到大学的支持。

Not only this, international students in need of reproductive healthcare may have to cross state lines if they are studying and living in a conservative state. Several red states have proposed legislation surrounding this possibility and hope to criminalise inter-state travel for women seeking an abortion outside their state of residence.

不仅如此，如果留学生在保守的州学习和生活，需要生殖保健的留学生可能不得不跨越州界。几个红色州已经提出了围绕这种可能性的立法，并希望将寻求在居住州以外堕胎的妇女的州际旅行定为刑事犯罪。

If enacted, this legislation will create many issues of legality, especially for international students who are beholden to federal and state law when living in the US. Data from the Guttmacher Institute shows that in 2014, 16% of all abortions performed in the US were for women born outside of the country. That is roughly 104,000 out of the 652,000 abortions reported for that year.

如果颁布，这项立法将产生许多合法性问题，特别是对于那些在美国生活时受联邦和州法律约束的国际学生。古特马赫研究所的数据显示，2014年，美国所有堕胎中有16%是为在国外出生的女性实施的。这大约是当年报告的652 000例堕胎中的104 000例。

“I believe red states will lose out on international admissions,” a spokesperson for the privately-owned international recruitment agency, Study in the USA, told The PIE.

“我相信红州将失去国际招生，”一位发言人为私人拥有的国际招聘机构，研究在美国，告诉PIE。

“Our recent scholarship winner says that many of her friends back home in Sweden who were considering a semester abroad in the US are now looking at other countries instead, and that’s because of the recent events in US politics.”

“我们最近的奖学金获得者说，她在瑞典的许多朋友原本打算去美国留学一个学期，但现在他们把目光转向了其他国家，这是因为最近美国政坛发生的事件。”

“We have stumbled backward almost half a century by denying women control over their bodies”

“我们已经倒退了近半个世纪，因为我们拒绝让女性控制自己的身体。”

Overseas education providers may also find themselves in a new and challenging position when it comes to advocating for students’ rights and informing them of what abortion access they may or may not have in their region of study.

海外教育提供者也可能发现自己在倡导学生权利和告知他们在其学习地区可能有或没有堕胎机会方面处于一个新的、具有挑战性的地位。

According to Amnesty International, overseas organisations are unable to even mention abortion if they receive US global health funding, due to president Trump’s 2017 “global gag rule”. This includes any counselling or education programs offered by those organisations.

根据大赦国际（Amnesty International）的说法，由于特朗普总统2017年的“全球禁言规则”（global gag rule），如果海外组织获得美国的全球卫生资助，它们甚至无法提及堕胎。这包括这些组织提供的任何咨询或教育计划。

Due to this “gag rule”, international students may not even be made aware of new abortion bans by their education provider and without doing their own research, would show up to their university unaware of what their reproductive rights are.

由于这一“禁言规则”，国际学生甚至可能不知道新的堕胎禁令，由他们的教育提供者和没有做自己的研究，将出现在他们的大学不知道他们的生殖权利是什么。

“Many of my friends [in the UK] whose college-age students were considering the US are now reevaluating,” another representative for Study in the USA added.

“我的许多（在英国的）朋友，他们的大学适龄学生都在考虑美国，现在正在重新评估，”另一位留学美国的代表补充说。